CAJ | 학술논문

奶牛场废水量大,极易引起周边环境污染且大量养分资源流失于“土壤-植物”系统外而造成浪费,如何合理处置奶牛场废水使其既能被净化又可循环利用其养分成为当务之急.利用适应性强、耐肥、生长量大、根系发达的象草(Pennisetum purpureum)和黒麦草(Lolium perenne)为植被,合理利用奶牛场外围的坡地和田地全年轮作,构建水草复合体系的间歇性人工湿地.在不同季节根据不同的水力停留时间通过对进出水中总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、总磷、COD浓度的监测,分析湿地系统的净化效果及其净化稳定性,研究间歇性人工湿地对奶牛场废水净化和养分吸收利用的效果,以期为实现奶牛场废水污染治理和资源的合理循环利用提供依据.结果表明,象草和黒麦草在人工湿地系统表现很好的适应性,可有效的吸收废水中养分,氮磷的去除率分别达到82.3%和86.2%;水力停留6 d系统中各污染指标都降低了80%以上,经过间歇性人工湿地系统处理的夏季与冬季废水各项指标的去除率基本相同,净化效果稳定.构建间歇性人工湿地栽种牧草处理奶牛场废水既实现污水处理的目的,又可以利用污水中富含大量营养物质降低牧草种植的生产成本,同时也为奶牛场节省饲料成本,不失为一种畜牧业良性发展可行的模式.
내우장폐수량대,겁역인기주변배경오염차대량양분자원류실우“토양-식물”계통외이조성낭비,여하합리처치내우장폐수사기기능피정화우가순배이용기양분성위당무지급.이용괄응성강、내비、생장량대、근계발체적상초(Pennisetum purpureum)화흑맥초(Lolium perenne)위식피,합리이용내우장외위적파지화전지전년륜작,구건수초복합체계적간헐성인공습지.재불동계절근거불동적수력정류시간통과대진출수중총담、안태담、초태담、총린、COD농도적감측,분석습지계통적정화효과급기정화은정성,연구간헐성인공습지대내우장폐수정화화양분흡수이용적효과,이기위실현내우장폐수오염치리화자원적합리순배이용제공의거.결과표명,상초화흑맥초재인공습지계통표현흔호적괄응성,가유효적흡수폐수중양분,담린적거제솔분별체도82.3%화86.2%;수력정류6 d계통중각오염지표도강저료80%이상,경과간헐성인공습지계통처리적하계여동계폐수각항지표적거제솔기본상동,정화효과은정.구건간헐성인공습지재충목초처리내우장폐수기실현오수처리적목적,우가이이용오수중부함대량영양물질강저목초충식적생산성본,동시야위내우장절성사료성본,불실위일충축목업량성발전가행적모식.
A large amount of dairy effluent can easily cause the contamination of surrounding environment. And plenty of nutrients can also be lost out of the soil-plant system to cause waste. Therefore it is essential how to perform the disposal of dairy sewage rationally so that the nutrients can be recycled while the sewage being purified. Constructing the intermittent artificial wetland based on compound aquatic plant system by the rational use of yearly pasture rotation on the peripheral slopes and fields out the dairy farm was studied. The pasture mainly contains Pennisetum purpureum and Lolium perenne which are well-adapted, high-fertilizer bear and which have robust root system. The effect and stability of wetland decontamination were analyzed by monitoring the total nitrogen, ammonium nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and the concentration of COD of the sewage in and out according to the different HRTs in every season. Studying the efficiency of dairy sewage disposal effect and the absorption of nutrients with the intermittent artificial wetland is to provide basis for the decontamination of the dairy sewage and recycle of resource. The result shows that Pennisetum purpureum and Lolium perenne adapt well to the artificial wetland system. They can absorb nutrients from the sewage effectively with the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus reaching 82.3% and 86.2% respectively. In the six days HRT system, every pollution indicator was decreased more than 80%. Through the intermittent artificial wetland system, the contaminate removal rate remains the same in summer and winter, proving the stability of decontamination effect. The construction of intermittent artificial wetland to dispose the dairy sewage can not only remove the pollutant,but also decrease the cost of pasture plant by using the nutrients in the sewage and cut down the cost of forage. This can be a benign developing mode of graziery.