CAJ | 학술논문

回顾了近年来继电保护原理的发展历程,重点放在暂态、广域和集成保护领域.以此来展望未来的为智能电网而构造的智能继电保护的发展.以智能电网的发展要求和特点为契机,主要介绍了国内在智能保护方面的研究现状.在以上研究的基础上,通过介绍一种基于暂态检测的集成广域保护方案来阐述集暂态、集成和广域保护为一体的智能保护单元所构成的继电器网络的优越性.安装于保护区域网络各变电站中并集成了多种暂态保护算法的集成保护继电器,通过变电站通信网从站内各入出线路上采集电流和电压量并从中提取故障暂态所生成的高频和故障分量信号.这些信号输给继电器内并行处理的暂态保护模块,经过各暂态保护算法处理后得到相应的故障的极性、位置和时标.基于本地信息的保护原理的模块可以直接判断故障是否在保护区内来进一步决定是否发出跳闸指令.基于信号比较的多端量的原理将其所测得的信号极性、方向和时标分别发给相邻的变电站的集成保护继电器和广域保护装置,同时接收来自相邻的变电站的相同信号进行比较来决定故障的位置和相应的跳闸决策.广域继电保护装置接收和比较来自各变电站集成保护装置的信号以此判断故障的位置并做出跳闸决策发给相应的变电站来执行,从而实现电网的广域集成保护.
회고료근년래계전보호원리적발전역정,중점방재잠태、엄역화집성보호영역.이차래전망미래적위지능전망이구조적지능계전보호적발전.이지능전망적발전요구화특점위계궤,주요개소료국내재지능보호방면적연구현상.재이상연구적기출상,통과개소일충기우잠태검측적집성엄역보호방안래천술집잠태、집성화엄역보호위일체적지능보호단원소구성적계전기망락적우월성.안장우보호구역망락각변전참중병집성료다충잠태보호산법적집성보호계전기,통과변전참통신망종참내각입출선로상채집전류화전압량병종중제취고장잠태소생성적고빈화고장분량신호.저사신호수급계전기내병행처리적잠태보호모괴,경과각잠태보호산법처리후득도상응적고장적겁성、위치화시표.기우본지신식적보호원리적모괴가이직접판단고장시부재보호구내래진일보결정시부발출도갑지령.기우신호비교적다단량적원리장기소측득적신호겁성、방향화시표분별발급상린적변전참적집성보호계전기화엄역보호장치,동시접수래자상린적변전참적상동신호진행비교래결정고장적위치화상응적도갑결책.엄역계전보호장치접수화비교래자각변전참집성보호장치적신호이차판단고장적위치병주출도갑결책발급상응적변전참래집행,종이실현전망적엄역집성보호.
This paper firstly reviews the recent development in power system protection, with special attention paid to the transient based, wide-area and integrated protection, in order to look into future development of smart relaying protection for smart grids. Taking into account the demand and feature of development of smart grids, this paper mainly introduces current research on smart relaying protection in China. The paper further presents a transient based integrated wide area protection scheme, which outlines the advantages of future smart relaying protection. In the proposed protection scheme, the integrated protection relay incorporating a number of transient based protection algorithms running in parallel is installed at each substation in the protected network area and is responsible for the protection of all the power lines associated with the substation. Each relay communicates with neighboring relays at the remote ends of the associated line section to form an area relay network. A centralised wide area protection device with specially designed protection algorithms is responsible for the backup protection of the entire network through advanced communication with each integrated relay at different substation in the area. Protection algorithms within each integrated relay are divided into two types: these relays on the measurement of local information alone and these require remote information. When a fault occurs on the network, the protection algorithms based on local information alone is able to determine whether it is on its protected line section; the algorithms based on remote information will sent the locally derived information to the remote relays and the wide area protection device and receive information from the remote relays, comparison between the remote and local information will determine whether the fault is within its protected zone. The wide area protection device is also able to determine the actual fault location through the comparison of the information from all the integrated relays within the protected network and issues trip command to associated substations to isolate the faulted section.