CAJ | 학술논문

1998—2010年,我国稻谷、小麦、玉米的种植成本呈波浪型上升态势,粮农净收益的上升空间受到严重挤压.文章利用稻谷、小麦、玉米及三粮整体在1998—2010年的可比成本收益数据,测算粮农净收益对各种成本要素的敏感度系数,评价各种成本因素对粮农净收益的影响.结论是:从敏感度上看,人工成本>物质与服务费用>土地成本,家庭用工折价>雇工费用,自营地折租>流转地租金.由此得出,土地成本的变化对粮农净收益的作用较小,物质与服务费用是引起种粮净收益变化的主要因素,其中种子费、化肥费、租赁作业费、农药费起到关键作用,人工成本中家庭用工的变化对种粮净收益影响较大.
1998—2010년,아국도곡、소맥、옥미적충식성본정파랑형상승태세,량농정수익적상승공간수도엄중제압.문장이용도곡、소맥、옥미급삼량정체재1998—2010년적가비성본수익수거,측산량농정수익대각충성본요소적민감도계수,평개각충성본인소대량농정수익적영향.결론시:종민감도상간,인공성본>물질여복무비용>토지성본,가정용공절개>고공비용,자영지절조>류전지조금.유차득출,토지성본적변화대량농정수익적작용교소,물질여복무비용시인기충량정수익변화적주요인소,기중충자비、화비비、조임작업비、농약비기도관건작용,인공성본중가정용공적변화대충량정수익영향교대.
@@@@The cost of China’s rice, wheat, corn showed wave upward trend from 1998 to 2010, but the net income of grain farmers was less obvious .This paper, using comparable cost-benefit data of rice, wheat, corn and grain, estimates the sensitivity coefficient of net-income to various cost elements;evalu-ates the impact of various cost factors on net-income of the grain farmers.The results show that, the order of sensitivity scale is:labor costs>material and service costs >land costs;domestic employment discount>the employee costs;demesne discount rent >flow ground rent.It flows that, the change of land cost such as three grains, fertilizer costs, lease operating costs, pesticide costs, has a smaller effect on the net-income of grain farmers.However, material and service costs are the main factors to bring down the net-income of grain farmers,among which seed costs, fertilizer costs, lease operating costs, pesticide costs play a key role and the impact of labor cost is the largest .