物理学报
物理學報
물이학보
2013年
3期
93-99
,共7页
刘诚%白文广%张鹏%孙友文%司福祺
劉誠%白文廣%張鵬%孫友文%司福祺
류성%백문엄%장붕%손우문%사복기
卫星观测%一氧化碳%云效应%排放源
衛星觀測%一氧化碳%雲效應%排放源
위성관측%일양화탄%운효응%배방원
satellite observation%CO%cloud effect%emission source
温室效应是全球气候变化的主要原因之一,除温室气体外,有毒气体一氧化碳(CO)作为一种非直接温室气体加剧了这种变化.由于地基观测台站数量有限,而大气化学模型的模拟又很大程度上依赖于模型假定,因此,卫星观测成为实时获取大气CO浓度分布信息的有效途径. Sciamachy是第一台搭载在卫星上,利用观测到的近红外波段太阳反射光谱反演大气一氧化碳的仪器.由于在近红外波段,大气散射效应可以忽略,所以Sciamachy观测数据能够很好地反演与人类活动息息相关的大气底层一氧化碳的时空变化信息.本文基于迭代最大后验概率算法,对Sciamachy的观测数据进行反演分析,同时应用云效应校正与仪器本身问题校正方法,得到了全球一氧化碳柱浓度时空分布结果;通过与Atsr全球火点数据的比较,分析了全球CO排放源的种类与时空分布;最后选取中国地区CO柱浓度分布图,并结合人口密度与煤田/煤矿分布,对其排放源进行了初步推断.
溫室效應是全毬氣候變化的主要原因之一,除溫室氣體外,有毒氣體一氧化碳(CO)作為一種非直接溫室氣體加劇瞭這種變化.由于地基觀測檯站數量有限,而大氣化學模型的模擬又很大程度上依賴于模型假定,因此,衛星觀測成為實時穫取大氣CO濃度分佈信息的有效途徑. Sciamachy是第一檯搭載在衛星上,利用觀測到的近紅外波段太暘反射光譜反縯大氣一氧化碳的儀器.由于在近紅外波段,大氣散射效應可以忽略,所以Sciamachy觀測數據能夠很好地反縯與人類活動息息相關的大氣底層一氧化碳的時空變化信息.本文基于迭代最大後驗概率算法,對Sciamachy的觀測數據進行反縯分析,同時應用雲效應校正與儀器本身問題校正方法,得到瞭全毬一氧化碳柱濃度時空分佈結果;通過與Atsr全毬火點數據的比較,分析瞭全毬CO排放源的種類與時空分佈;最後選取中國地區CO柱濃度分佈圖,併結閤人口密度與煤田/煤礦分佈,對其排放源進行瞭初步推斷.
온실효응시전구기후변화적주요원인지일,제온실기체외,유독기체일양화탄(CO)작위일충비직접온실기체가극료저충변화.유우지기관측태참수량유한,이대기화학모형적모의우흔대정도상의뢰우모형가정,인차,위성관측성위실시획취대기CO농도분포신식적유효도경. Sciamachy시제일태탑재재위성상,이용관측도적근홍외파단태양반사광보반연대기일양화탄적의기.유우재근홍외파단,대기산사효응가이홀략,소이Sciamachy관측수거능구흔호지반연여인류활동식식상관적대기저층일양화탄적시공변화신식.본문기우질대최대후험개솔산법,대Sciamachy적관측수거진행반연분석,동시응용운효응교정여의기본신문제교정방법,득도료전구일양화탄주농도시공분포결과;통과여Atsr전구화점수거적비교,분석료전구CO배방원적충류여시공분포;최후선취중국지구CO주농도분포도,병결합인구밀도여매전/매광분포,대기배방원진행료초보추단.
Greenhouse effect is one of the main reasons for climate change. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a critical air pollutant because of its short-term harmful health effects. Furthermore, since CO emission has a global warming potential, it exacerbats the climate change as an indirect greenhouse gas. Due to the fact that the number of ground-based stations is less and the chemical model simulation is greatly dependent on assumption, satellite observation becomes the effective way to acquire the information about CO distribution. Sciamachy is the first satellite instrument to allow retrieval of CO by measuring absorption in the near infrared region from reflected and scattered sunlight, which is highly sensitive to the lower layers of the troposphere where the sources, such as biomass burning, are located, and where the bulk of the gases is usually found. In this study the Sciamachy CO vertical column density is successfully inversed;after applying the instrument and cloud correction, yearly and seasonal results are presented. Finally by comparing them with the fire counts of ATSR dataset and the distributions of population density and coal mines, the CO emission sources are preliminary deduced.