CAJ | 학술논문

背景:随着现代科学技术尤其是计算机技术和医学技术的迅猛发展,现代脊柱外科进入了一个崭新的时代,呈现出数字化、个性化、显微化、精确化和人工智能化的发展趋势.目的:探讨数字化技术在脊柱外科中的应用研究进展.方法:文章检索词为“脊椎(spine);腰椎(lumbar);颈椎(cervical);数字化(digitization);脊柱外科(spinal surgery);数字骨科学(digital orthopedics);有限元模型(the finite element model);计算机辅助设计(computer assisted design, CAD);微创技术(minimal y invasive technology);三维重建(three dimensions reconstruction,3D);CT;磁共振成像(MRI);计算机仿真(computer emulation);内窥镜(endoscope);椎间盘(intervertebral disc);经皮内窥镜激光椎间盘切除术(percutaneous endoscopic laser-assisted discectomy, PELD)”,对有限元、计算机导航技术、微创技术以及医学影像在脊柱外科中的应用文献进行深入分析,探讨数字化脊柱外科手术的特点,临床效果以及安全性.结果与结论:数字化医学在有限元模型、计算机导航技术、微创技术、医学影像等领域研究进展的基础上,建立独特的脊柱外科新方法,并将其广泛应用于临床骨科.有限元模型最大的优势在于可以反映集体内部的应力变化情况,有限元分析应用于医学生物力学后,取得了很大的进步与发展.计算机导航技术的工作原理是利用数字化影像信息通过媒介体输入计算机工作站,经运算处理后重建三维模型影像,通过相关软件,在此影像基础上进行术前计划并模拟进程,通过高解像度的显示屏从各个方位观察到当前的手术入路以及各种参数,完成微创手术.微创脊柱外科采用微小切口或穿刺通道,运用特殊的器械或装置在影像仪器监视下或导航技术的引导下进行手术.医学影像分析作为信息科学技术为基础的交叉学科研究,对脊柱外科的临床诊断和观察具有参考价值.数字化医学高效率、高精度、三维立体地了解疾病的分布、形态、结构,最大程度减少手术创伤,在脊柱外科应用中的前景广阔. 揹景:隨著現代科學技術尤其是計算機技術和醫學技術的迅猛髮展,現代脊柱外科進入瞭一箇嶄新的時代,呈現齣數字化、箇性化、顯微化、精確化和人工智能化的髮展趨勢.目的:探討數字化技術在脊柱外科中的應用研究進展.方法:文章檢索詞為“脊椎(spine);腰椎(lumbar);頸椎(cervical);數字化(digitization);脊柱外科(spinal surgery);數字骨科學(digital orthopedics);有限元模型(the finite element model);計算機輔助設計(computer assisted design, CAD);微創技術(minimal y invasive technology);三維重建(three dimensions reconstruction,3D);CT;磁共振成像(MRI);計算機倣真(computer emulation);內窺鏡(endoscope);椎間盤(intervertebral disc);經皮內窺鏡激光椎間盤切除術(percutaneous endoscopic laser-assisted discectomy, PELD)”,對有限元、計算機導航技術、微創技術以及醫學影像在脊柱外科中的應用文獻進行深入分析,探討數字化脊柱外科手術的特點,臨床效果以及安全性.結果與結論:數字化醫學在有限元模型、計算機導航技術、微創技術、醫學影像等領域研究進展的基礎上,建立獨特的脊柱外科新方法,併將其廣汎應用于臨床骨科.有限元模型最大的優勢在于可以反映集體內部的應力變化情況,有限元分析應用于醫學生物力學後,取得瞭很大的進步與髮展.計算機導航技術的工作原理是利用數字化影像信息通過媒介體輸入計算機工作站,經運算處理後重建三維模型影像,通過相關軟件,在此影像基礎上進行術前計劃併模擬進程,通過高解像度的顯示屏從各箇方位觀察到噹前的手術入路以及各種參數,完成微創手術.微創脊柱外科採用微小切口或穿刺通道,運用特殊的器械或裝置在影像儀器鑑視下或導航技術的引導下進行手術.醫學影像分析作為信息科學技術為基礎的交扠學科研究,對脊柱外科的臨床診斷和觀察具有參攷價值.數字化醫學高效率、高精度、三維立體地瞭解疾病的分佈、形態、結構,最大程度減少手術創傷,在脊柱外科應用中的前景廣闊.
배경:수착현대과학기술우기시계산궤기술화의학기술적신맹발전,현대척주외과진입료일개참신적시대,정현출수자화、개성화、현미화、정학화화인공지능화적발전추세.목적:탐토수자화기술재척주외과중적응용연구진전.방법:문장검색사위“척추(spine);요추(lumbar);경추(cervical);수자화(digitization);척주외과(spinal surgery);수자골과학(digital orthopedics);유한원모형(the finite element model);계산궤보조설계(computer assisted design, CAD);미창기술(minimal y invasive technology);삼유중건(three dimensions reconstruction,3D);CT;자공진성상(MRI);계산궤방진(computer emulation);내규경(endoscope);추간반(intervertebral disc);경피내규경격광추간반절제술(percutaneous endoscopic laser-assisted discectomy, PELD)”,대유한원、계산궤도항기술、미창기술이급의학영상재척주외과중적응용문헌진행심입분석,탐토수자화척주외과수술적특점,림상효과이급안전성.결과여결론:수자화의학재유한원모형、계산궤도항기술、미창기술、의학영상등영역연구진전적기출상,건립독특적척주외과신방법,병장기엄범응용우림상골과.유한원모형최대적우세재우가이반영집체내부적응력변화정황,유한원분석응용우의학생물역학후,취득료흔대적진보여발전.계산궤도항기술적공작원리시이용수자화영상신식통과매개체수입계산궤공작참,경운산처리후중건삼유모형영상,통과상관연건,재차영상기출상진행술전계화병모의진정,통과고해상도적현시병종각개방위관찰도당전적수술입로이급각충삼수,완성미창수술.미창척주외과채용미소절구혹천자통도,운용특수적기계혹장치재영상의기감시하혹도항기술적인도하진행수술.의학영상분석작위신식과학기술위기출적교차학과연구,대척주외과적림상진단화관찰구유삼고개치.수자화의학고효솔、고정도、삼유입체지료해질병적분포、형태、결구,최대정도감소수술창상,재척주외과응용중적전경엄활.
BACKGROUND:With the rapid development of modern science and technology, especial y computer technology and medical technology, modern spinal surgery has entered a new era, showing trends of digitization, personalization, microsurgery, precision and artificial intel igence. OBJECTIVE:To explore the application of digitization in spinal surgery. METHODS:A computer online retrieval was performed by the first author in CNKI and Wanfang database to search papers regarding the application of digitization technology in spinal surgery, using key words of“spine, lumbar, cervical, digitization, spinal surgery, digital orthopedics, the finite element model, computer assisted design, minimal y invasive technology, three dimensions reconstruction or 3D, CT, MRI, computer emulation, endoscope, intervertebral disc, percutaneous endoscopic laser-assisted discectomy or PELD”. According to inclusion criteria, papers about the finite element model, computer navigation technology, minimal y invasive technology, and medical imaging in spinal surgery were included for further analysis to explore the characteristics of digitized spine surgery, clinical efficacy and safety. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The digitization establishes the method of unique digitized spine surgery and widely uses in clinical orthopedics on the basis of the finite element model, computer navigation, minimal y invasive technology, medical imaging and other areas of research progress. The biggest advantage of the finite element model is that it can reflect the col ective internal stress changes. The analysis of finite element used in medical biomechanics, made a lot of progress and development. Computer navigation technology works using digital image information through the medium of the body to enter a computer workstation. The reconstruction of three-dimensional model of the image after operation processing and related software through high-resolution display observed from al directions to the surgical approach as wel as a variety of parameters completed the minimal y invasive surgery. Minimal y invasive spinal surgery uses a tiny incision or puncture channel, with special equipment or device in imaging instrument under the surveil ance. The analysis of medical image as information science and technology-based cross-disciplinary research, clinical diagnosis and observation of spinal surgery has a reference value. Digital medicine with high-efficiency, high-precision, three-dimensional understanding of the distribution of the disease, the morphology, structure, minimizing surgical trauma, spinal has broad prospects.