CAJ | 학술논문

背景:干细胞具有很强的增殖和分化能力,已在神经组织损伤修复方面展示了不可估量的临床应用前景.但是,目前有关神经干细胞的组织来源、定向诱导分化、移植技术和神经功能修复的功能判定等方面尚存在诸多难题. 目的:阐述干细胞在神经创伤修复中的应用研究进展. 方法:检索干细胞在神经创伤修复应用中的相关研究文献,检索词为“干细胞(stem cel ),骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s),神经干细胞(neural stem cel ),胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cel ),脂肪干细胞(adipose-derived stem cel s),脐血干细胞(umbilical cord blood stem cel s),成体干细胞(adult stem cel s),脑损伤/创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury),脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury),神经创伤(traumatic nerve injury),生长因子(growth factor),修复(repair)”,语言分别设定为中文和英文,对骨髓间充质干细胞、神经干细胞、胚胎干细胞、脐血干细胞及脂肪干细胞在神经创伤修复中的应用研究进行深入分析. 结果与结论:干细胞是一类具有自我更新、高度增殖和多向分化潜能的特殊细胞,其最显著的生物学特性是既有自我更新的能力,又具有多向分化的潜能.目前,已经从许多组织或器官中成功地分离出,其中包括胚胎干细胞,造血干细胞和骨髓间质干细胞等.此外,还有近来研究渐多的神经干细胞、肌肉干细胞、成骨干细胞、内胚层干细胞及视网膜干细胞等.干细胞的多向分化潜能为神经创伤修复开辟了新的途径,其在脑损伤以及脊髓损伤后的神经修复以及功能重建的研究方面已取得很大的进展,被认为具有广阔的应用前景,与之相关的问题均有待于进一步的研究.
배경:간세포구유흔강적증식화분화능력,이재신경조직손상수복방면전시료불가고량적림상응용전경.단시,목전유관신경간세포적조직래원、정향유도분화、이식기술화신경공능수복적공능판정등방면상존재제다난제. 목적:천술간세포재신경창상수복중적응용연구진전. 방법:검색간세포재신경창상수복응용중적상관연구문헌,검색사위“간세포(stem cel ),골수간충질간세포(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s),신경간세포(neural stem cel ),배태간세포(embryonic stem cel ),지방간세포(adipose-derived stem cel s),제혈간세포(umbilical cord blood stem cel s),성체간세포(adult stem cel s),뇌손상/창상성뇌손상(traumatic brain injury),척수손상(spinal cord injury),신경창상(traumatic nerve injury),생장인자(growth factor),수복(repair)”,어언분별설정위중문화영문,대골수간충질간세포、신경간세포、배태간세포、제혈간세포급지방간세포재신경창상수복중적응용연구진행심입분석. 결과여결론:간세포시일류구유자아경신、고도증식화다향분화잠능적특수세포,기최현저적생물학특성시기유자아경신적능력,우구유다향분화적잠능.목전,이경종허다조직혹기관중성공지분리출,기중포괄배태간세포,조혈간세포화골수간질간세포등.차외,환유근래연구점다적신경간세포、기육간세포、성골간세포、내배층간세포급시망막간세포등.간세포적다향분화잠능위신경창상수복개벽료신적도경,기재뇌손상이급척수손상후적신경수복이급공능중건적연구방면이취득흔대적진전,피인위구유엄활적응용전경,여지상관적문제균유대우진일보적연구.
BACKGROUND: Stem cel s are a kind of cel s with the capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and in vitro proliferation and have become an ideal material for cel transplantation. At present, stem cel s and regenerative medicine have become a gradual y increasing area in the field of natural science. This study analyzed the advances in application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, neural stem cel s, embryonic stem cel s, umbilical cord blood stem cel s and adipose-derived stem cel s in repair of traumatic nerve injury. However, the source, the oriented induction, transplantation and neurological repair function judgment of neural stem cel s have stil many problems. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the advances in application of stem cel s in repair of traumatic nerve injury. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval was performed by the first author in SCI (Science Citation Index) database to search papers regarding the application of stem cel s in the repair of traumatic nerve injury with the key words “stem cel , bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, neural stem cel , embryonic stem cel , adipose-derived stem cel s, umbilical cord blood stem cel s, adult stem cel s, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, traumatic nerve injury, growth factor, repair” in both Chinese and English. The advances in application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, neural stem cel s, embryonic stem cel s, umbilical cord blood stem cel s and adipose-derived stem cel s in repair of traumatic nerve injury were further analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cel s are a kind of special cel s with capacity for self-renewal, strong proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation. The self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential are the most significant biological characteristics. At present, stem cel s have been successful y isolated from many tissues or organs including embryonic stem cel s, hematopoietic stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. In addition, the cel s most studied in recent years include neura l stem cel s, muscle stem cel s, osteoblasts, endodermal stem cel s and retinal stem cel s. The multi-lineage differentiation potential of stem cel s provides a new way for repair of traumatic nerve injury and great advances have been made in neural repair and function reconstruction after brain injury and spinal cord injury. Therefore, stem cel s have wide application prospect. However, there stil have some problems to be further solved.