中国烟草科学
中國煙草科學
중국연초과학
CHINESE TOBACCO SCIENCE
2012年
6期
33-38
,共6页
陈若星%杨虹琦*%赵松义%李宏光%成军平%方明
陳若星%楊虹琦*%趙鬆義%李宏光%成軍平%方明
진약성%양홍기*%조송의%리굉광%성군평%방명
土壤类型%烤烟品质%生长发育
土壤類型%烤煙品質%生長髮育
토양류형%고연품질%생장발육
soil types%flue-cured tobacco quality%growth and development
为研究土壤类型对烤烟生长和品质的影响,以湖南桂阳烟区水稻土、紫色土和红壤土为材料,研究了3种土壤上种植的烤烟各时期生长率和初烤烟叶的理化特性.结果表明,紫色土烤烟旺长期内生长快,成熟期慢,烟叶化学成分比例协调,钾含量丰富,但其含梗率高,且干物质重、叶厚、单位叶面积显著低于其他两种土壤;水稻土烤烟成熟期生长率过高,脱氮困难,以致烟叶总氮和烟碱含量过高,干物质多,叶片厚;红壤烤烟长势相对较差,物理性状接近水稻土烟叶,化学成分“糖高碱低”,糖碱比和挥发酸碱比显著高于水稻土和紫色土烟叶.感官评吸结果表明,紫色土和红壤种植烤烟好于水稻土.可见,不同土壤类型烤烟生长规律有所不同,理化特性也有较大差异.
為研究土壤類型對烤煙生長和品質的影響,以湖南桂暘煙區水稻土、紫色土和紅壤土為材料,研究瞭3種土壤上種植的烤煙各時期生長率和初烤煙葉的理化特性.結果錶明,紫色土烤煙旺長期內生長快,成熟期慢,煙葉化學成分比例協調,鉀含量豐富,但其含梗率高,且榦物質重、葉厚、單位葉麵積顯著低于其他兩種土壤;水稻土烤煙成熟期生長率過高,脫氮睏難,以緻煙葉總氮和煙堿含量過高,榦物質多,葉片厚;紅壤烤煙長勢相對較差,物理性狀接近水稻土煙葉,化學成分“糖高堿低”,糖堿比和揮髮痠堿比顯著高于水稻土和紫色土煙葉.感官評吸結果錶明,紫色土和紅壤種植烤煙好于水稻土.可見,不同土壤類型烤煙生長規律有所不同,理化特性也有較大差異.
위연구토양류형대고연생장화품질적영향,이호남계양연구수도토、자색토화홍양토위재료,연구료3충토양상충식적고연각시기생장솔화초고연협적이화특성.결과표명,자색토고연왕장기내생장쾌,성숙기만,연협화학성분비례협조,갑함량봉부,단기함경솔고,차간물질중、협후、단위협면적현저저우기타량충토양;수도토고연성숙기생장솔과고,탈담곤난,이치연협총담화연감함량과고,간물질다,협편후;홍양고연장세상대교차,물이성상접근수도토연협,화학성분“당고감저”,당감비화휘발산감비현저고우수도토화자색토연협.감관평흡결과표명,자색토화홍양충식고연호우수도토.가견,불동토양류형고연생장규률유소불동,이화특성야유교대차이.
In order to find out the effects of soil types on tobacco growth and quality, we studied the growth rate during various growth stages and physical and chemical properties of cured tobacco leaves with three soil types (paddy soil, purple soil and red soil) in Guiyang county, Hunan province. The results showed that in purple soil, tobacco grew fast during budding period but slowly during maturation period, and their leaf chemical composition was harmonious. The content of potassium was rich but the proportion of midrib was also high. The dry matter, leaf thickness and the unit leaf area were significantly lower than the other two types of soil. Tobacco from paddy soil grew too fast in maturity. The dry matter, leaf thickness and the content of nicotine and total nitrogen were too high due to nitrogen residual. The growth of flue-cured tobacco in red soil was relatively weak, the physical properties was similar to the tobacco leaves in paddy soil. The content of sugar was high while nicotine was low, the ratio of sugar/nicotine and volatile acid/alkali was significantly higher than tobacco in paddy and purple soil. The smoking test results showed that tobacco leaves from purple and red soil were better than those from paddy soil. In conclusion, the growth rhythm and physical and chemical characteristics of leaves have great differences from different types of soils.