中国烟草科学
中國煙草科學
중국연초과학
CHINESE TOBACCO SCIENCE
2013年
1期
77-80
,共4页
李锡宏%李传仁%周雷*%许汝冰%黎妍妍%郭利%谭军%张友臣%袁跃斌%张喜萍%黄海锋%胡杨
李錫宏%李傳仁%週雷*%許汝冰%黎妍妍%郭利%譚軍%張友臣%袁躍斌%張喜萍%黃海鋒%鬍楊
리석굉%리전인%주뢰*%허여빙%려연연%곽리%담군%장우신%원약빈%장희평%황해봉%호양
烟草%地下害虫%发生特点%湖北
煙草%地下害蟲%髮生特點%湖北
연초%지하해충%발생특점%호북
tobacco%underground insect and pest%occurring characteristics%Hubei
湖北各烟区的烟草种类和植烟环境多样,地下害虫是烟草苗期的主要害虫.为了明确各烟区地下害虫的优势类群及其发生规律,于2011年4—8月对湖北咸丰、五峰、保康和郧西县烟田的地下害虫进行了系统调查.结果表明,湖北省4个烟区的地下害虫结构存在明显差异.恩施烟区以金针虫为优势类群,以蛴螬和蝼蛄为次优势类群;襄阳烟区以地老虎、蛴螬和金针虫发生为主;宜昌烟区以蛴螬和地老虎为主;而十堰烟区以金针虫和地老虎发生为主.烤烟、马里兰烟和香料烟地下害虫发生偏重,而白肋烟和晒烟发生偏轻.烟叶收获期的地下害虫结构与烟叶苗期不同,收获期烟田蛴螬和金针虫密度明显增加.烟草地下害虫的发生程度与烟田海拔高度相关,海拔1200 m左右的烟区,地下害虫发生程度加重.
湖北各煙區的煙草種類和植煙環境多樣,地下害蟲是煙草苗期的主要害蟲.為瞭明確各煙區地下害蟲的優勢類群及其髮生規律,于2011年4—8月對湖北鹹豐、五峰、保康和鄖西縣煙田的地下害蟲進行瞭繫統調查.結果錶明,湖北省4箇煙區的地下害蟲結構存在明顯差異.恩施煙區以金針蟲為優勢類群,以蠐螬和螻蛄為次優勢類群;襄暘煙區以地老虎、蠐螬和金針蟲髮生為主;宜昌煙區以蠐螬和地老虎為主;而十堰煙區以金針蟲和地老虎髮生為主.烤煙、馬裏蘭煙和香料煙地下害蟲髮生偏重,而白肋煙和曬煙髮生偏輕.煙葉收穫期的地下害蟲結構與煙葉苗期不同,收穫期煙田蠐螬和金針蟲密度明顯增加.煙草地下害蟲的髮生程度與煙田海拔高度相關,海拔1200 m左右的煙區,地下害蟲髮生程度加重.
호북각연구적연초충류화식연배경다양,지하해충시연초묘기적주요해충.위료명학각연구지하해충적우세류군급기발생규률,우2011년4—8월대호북함봉、오봉、보강화운서현연전적지하해충진행료계통조사.결과표명,호북성4개연구적지하해충결구존재명현차이.은시연구이금침충위우세류군,이제조화루고위차우세류군;양양연구이지로호、제조화금침충발생위주;의창연구이제조화지로호위주;이십언연구이금침충화지로호발생위주.고연、마리란연화향료연지하해충발생편중,이백륵연화쇄연발생편경.연협수획기적지하해충결구여연협묘기불동,수획기연전제조화금침충밀도명현증가.연초지하해충적발생정도여연전해발고도상관,해발1200 m좌우적연구,지하해충발생정도가중.
Underground insect and pests are the main tobacco pests during tobacco seedling stage. Because of the diverse tobacco species and planting environments in tobacco-planting areas of Hubei province, a systematic investigation on the tobacco underground insect and pests was carried out during April and August, 2011 for detecting the dominant species and their occurring pattern in Xianfeng, Wufeng, Baokang and Yunxi county of Hubei province. The results indicated that the population structure of underground pests in four tobacco areas of Hubei province was significantly different. In Enshi, wireworms were the dominant species and then grubs and mole crickets sub-dominated; In Xiangyang, cutworms, grubs and wireworms were often observed;In Yichang, cutworms and grubs predominated; In Shiyan, wireworms and cutworms occurred frequently. The damage caused by underground pests was more serious in Flue-cured tobacco, Maryland tobacco and Oriental tobacco than that in Burley tobacco and Sun-cured tobacco. The pest population during the tobacco seedling stage was also distinct from that at tobacco harvest time, when the density of grubs and wireworms increased greatly. The severity caused by underground pests was correlated with the altitude of tobacco field, and the underground insect pest had higher population density at 1200 m altitude tobacco fields.
