茶叶科学
茶葉科學
다협과학
2013年
2期
147-154
,共8页
韩文炎%王皖蒙%郭赟%杨明臻%贾仲君
韓文炎%王皖矇%郭赟%楊明臻%賈仲君
한문염%왕환몽%곽빈%양명진%가중군
茶%土壤%Griffiths 法%细菌丰度%DNA%pH%施 N 量
茶%土壤%Griffiths 法%細菌豐度%DNA%pH%施 N 量
다%토양%Griffiths 법%세균봉도%DNA%pH%시 N 량
tea%soil%Griffiths method%bacterial abundance%DNA%pH%N application rate
采用 Griffiths 法直接提取土壤微生物基因组 DNA,并通过实时荧光定量 PCR 技术分析土壤微生物16 S rRNA 基因数量,对茶园及其附近森林和菜园土壤的细菌丰度及其影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,茶园土壤细菌丰度在0.01×108~20.32×10816 S rRNA 基因拷贝数/g 之间,平均为3.70×10816 S rRNA 基因拷贝数/g,与酸性森林土壤大致相当,但明显低于中性菜园土壤.土壤细菌丰度与 pH 和微生物量 C 呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),但与施 N 量和茶树种植年限呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与土壤有机 C 和全 N 含量的相关性不明显.多元回归分析表明,影响土壤细菌丰度最重要的因子是土壤 pH,其他依次为树龄和施氮量.可见,提高茶园土壤细菌数量和微生物多样性的有效办法是适当提高土壤 pH 值,同时避免过量施用氮肥;对于改植换种的老茶园,改良土壤也是必不可少的.
採用 Griffiths 法直接提取土壤微生物基因組 DNA,併通過實時熒光定量 PCR 技術分析土壤微生物16 S rRNA 基因數量,對茶園及其附近森林和菜園土壤的細菌豐度及其影響因素進行瞭研究.結果錶明,茶園土壤細菌豐度在0.01×108~20.32×10816 S rRNA 基因拷貝數/g 之間,平均為3.70×10816 S rRNA 基因拷貝數/g,與痠性森林土壤大緻相噹,但明顯低于中性菜園土壤.土壤細菌豐度與 pH 和微生物量 C 呈極顯著正相關(P<0.001),但與施 N 量和茶樹種植年限呈極顯著負相關(P<0.01),與土壤有機 C 和全 N 含量的相關性不明顯.多元迴歸分析錶明,影響土壤細菌豐度最重要的因子是土壤 pH,其他依次為樹齡和施氮量.可見,提高茶園土壤細菌數量和微生物多樣性的有效辦法是適噹提高土壤 pH 值,同時避免過量施用氮肥;對于改植換種的老茶園,改良土壤也是必不可少的.
채용 Griffiths 법직접제취토양미생물기인조 DNA,병통과실시형광정량 PCR 기술분석토양미생물16 S rRNA 기인수량,대다완급기부근삼림화채완토양적세균봉도급기영향인소진행료연구.결과표명,다완토양세균봉도재0.01×108~20.32×10816 S rRNA 기인고패수/g 지간,평균위3.70×10816 S rRNA 기인고패수/g,여산성삼림토양대치상당,단명현저우중성채완토양.토양세균봉도여 pH 화미생물량 C 정겁현저정상관(P<0.001),단여시 N 량화다수충식년한정겁현저부상관(P<0.01),여토양유궤 C 화전 N 함량적상관성불명현.다원회귀분석표명,영향토양세균봉도최중요적인자시토양 pH,기타의차위수령화시담량.가견,제고다완토양세균수량화미생물다양성적유효판법시괄당제고토양 pH 치,동시피면과량시용담비;대우개식환충적로다완,개량토양야시필불가소적.
Bacterial abundances in tea garden and their adjacent forest and vegetable soils were investigated by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) as well as the factors that may affect the population size of bacterial communities. Soil DNA was extracted by using Griffiths’ method and bacterial abundance was determined by quantifying the copy number of 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that the bacterial abundance of tea garden soils ranged from 0.01×108 to 20.32×108 16 S rRNA gene copies/g (gram dry weight soil) with an average of 3.70×108 16 S rRNA gene copies/g, being similar with that in the forest soil, but far below that in the vegetable soil. The bacterial abundance in the tea garden soils was significantly and positively correlated with the soil pH and microbial biomass C (P<0.001) respectively, but significantly and negatively correlated with N application rate and age of tea plantation (P<0.01) respectively. There was no significant correlation between bacterial abundance and total organic C and total N in soil. Multiple regression analysis further indicated that bacterial abundance was affected most significantly by soil pH, followed by age of tea stand and annual N application rate. The results of this study suggested that soil amelioration such as raising soil pH and reducing the high rates of nitrogen application could be of great help for maintaining bacterial abundance and microbial diversity in tea garden soils.
