CAJ | 학술논문

[摘要]:目的:对于氏纤恙螨在云南省部分地区的分布和宿主选择情况进行初步探讨.方法:结合云南省不同地理方位和地形,独特的气候与生态等特点,于2001年—2011年选取了23个县(市)进行野外调查,用鼠笼(夹)加食饵诱捕鼠类等小型哺乳动物(小兽)宿主.选择小兽的双侧耳廓和外耳道采集恙螨幼虫,用霍氏液常规封片后在显微镜下逐一鉴定螨种.统计于氏纤恙螨在不同地域、不同景观和不同宿主小兽体表的分布情况.计算于氏纤恙螨在不同宿主小兽体表的感染率(P)、平均多度(MA)和感染度(MI),用聚块指数(m*/m)测定其在宿主不同个体间的空间分布格局.结果:所调查的23个县(市)中,有9个县(市)采集到了于氏纤恙螨(共1959只,占所有恙螨的1.81%).88.77%的于氏纤恙螨采自山区地理景观(尤其是海拔较高地区),只有11.23%的于氏纤恙螨采自坝区景观.宿主大类选择显示,采自啮齿目(鼠类)、攀鼩目(树鼩)和食肉目小兽体表的于氏纤恙螨分别为57.78%、42.16%和0.05%,其它目小兽体表没有采集到该螨.宿主种类选择显示,所捕获的5目12科34属67种小兽中,有20种小兽采集到了于氏纤恙螨,其中42.16%采自攀鼩目树鼩科树鼩属的树鼩,其感染率(26.52%)和感染度(13.54只螨/每兽)均比较高,其次是其他野栖小兽.聚块指数显示,于氏纤恙螨在大多数宿主小兽不同个体间的分布呈聚集分布格局.结论:云南省存在于氏纤恙螨,且数量较大.该螨主要分布在海拔较高的山区地带,可寄生多种小兽宿主,宿主特异性低,但主要倾向于寄生在树鼩等野栖小兽体表.
[적요]:목적:대우씨섬양만재운남성부분지구적분포화숙주선택정황진행초보탐토.방법:결합운남성불동지리방위화지형,독특적기후여생태등특점,우2001년—2011년선취료23개현(시)진행야외조사,용서롱(협)가식이유포서류등소형포유동물(소수)숙주.선택소수적쌍측이곽화외이도채집양만유충,용곽씨액상규봉편후재현미경하축일감정만충.통계우씨섬양만재불동지역、불동경관화불동숙주소수체표적분포정황.계산우씨섬양만재불동숙주소수체표적감염솔(P)、평균다도(MA)화감염도(MI),용취괴지수(m*/m)측정기재숙주불동개체간적공간분포격국.결과:소조사적23개현(시)중,유9개현(시)채집도료우씨섬양만(공1959지,점소유양만적1.81%).88.77%적우씨섬양만채자산구지리경관(우기시해발교고지구),지유11.23%적우씨섬양만채자패구경관.숙주대류선택현시,채자교치목(서류)、반구목(수구)화식육목소수체표적우씨섬양만분별위57.78%、42.16%화0.05%,기타목소수체표몰유채집도해만.숙주충류선택현시,소포획적5목12과34속67충소수중,유20충소수채집도료우씨섬양만,기중42.16%채자반구목수구과수구속적수구,기감염솔(26.52%)화감염도(13.54지만/매수)균비교고,기차시기타야서소수.취괴지수현시,우씨섬양만재대다수숙주소수불동개체간적분포정취집분포격국.결론:운남성존재우씨섬양만,차수량교대.해만주요분포재해발교고적산구지대,가기생다충소수숙주,숙주특이성저,단주요경향우기생재수구등야서소수체표.
@@@@Objective: To investigate the geographical distribution and host selection of Leptotrombidium yui among different small mammal hosts in some areas of Yunnan province. Methods:A field survey was carried out in 23 counties of Yunnan province between 2001 and 2011. The small mammal hosts were captured with mouse cages and traps with baits. The chigger mites on the surface of two auricles were scraped off by a bistoury, and then preserved in 70%ethanol.Every specimen of the chigger mites on the slides was finally identified into species under a microscope. Some conventional statistical methods were adopted to calculate all the collected chigger mite species and the constituent ratios of L. yui in different areas and on different hosts, together with its prevalence(P), mean intensity(MI)and mean abundance (MA)on different hosts. The patch index (m*/m)was used to measure the spatial patterns of L. yui among the different individuals of its small mammal hosts. Results: A total of 108 480 individuals of chigger mites were collected from the body surface of all the captured small mammal hosts. All the collected chigger mites were identified as 3 subfamilies, 24 genera and 234 species. Of 234 species of chigger mites, 1 959 individuals of L. yui were collected only in 9 counties. The collected individuals of L. yui accounted for 1.81%of the total mites (108 480 individuals). 88.77%of L. yui came from the mountainous regions and habitats while only 11.23%of L. yui from flatland areas. The hosts in orders Rodentia and Scandentia harbored 57.78%and 42.16%of the collected L. yui. Of 67 species(in 34 genera and 12 families of 5 orders), Tupaia belangeri(in Order Scandentia)harbored 42.16%of the collected L. yui with relatively high prevalence (P=26.52%)and mean intensity (MI=13.54 mites/per host), and other wild-dwelling small mammals came next. The patch index showed that L. yui had an aggregated distribution pattern among different individual of their hosts. Conclusion:L. yui exists in Yunnan province with relatively a considerable number of individuals. In Yunnan province, L. yui is mainly distributed in the mountainous regions and habitats with relatively high altitude. L. yui can parasitize several different species of hosts with low host specificity, but it prefers to choose Tupaia belangeri and other wild-dwelling small mammals as its main hosts.