岩石力学与工程学报
巖石力學與工程學報
암석역학여공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
2013年
5期
876-882
,共7页
刘允芳%艾凯%尹健民%许静
劉允芳%艾凱%尹健民%許靜
류윤방%애개%윤건민%허정
岩石力学%窄缝局部应力解除试验%窄缝弹性模量试验%拓宽应用%地下洞室稳定分析%高地应力区
巖石力學%窄縫跼部應力解除試驗%窄縫彈性模量試驗%拓寬應用%地下洞室穩定分析%高地應力區
암석역학%착봉국부응력해제시험%착봉탄성모량시험%탁관응용%지하동실은정분석%고지응력구
rock mechanics%slit local stress relieving test%slit elastic modulus test%broadening application%stability analysis of underground caverns%high geostress region
在地下洞室稳定分析中,洞室横截面关键部位岩壁上的围岩应力状态是至关重要的,通常由地应力测量和计算分析得到.但地应力测量费工费时,尤其在高地应力地区地应力测量比较困难,不易获得可靠的地应力实测资料,因此在地下洞室稳定性分析中往往缺乏重要依据.而评价洞室稳定性关键性资料是它横截面上洞壁的围岩应力状态.建议在洞壁上采用窄缝局部应力解除法测量洞壁关键部位的应力状态,只要在洞壁待测部位凿3个以上不同方向的窄缝槽,测量由凿槽引起的变形,就可测定此洞壁关键部位上的二维应力状态.在现场窄缝法岩体弹模试验后,拓宽应用它的试验成果,也即在试验中,设想继续提高埋设在窄缝槽中压力钢枕的压力,直到它引起的位移抵消由凿槽引起的位移,测得假设的窄缝槽中垂线上法向应力,然后推求洞壁上围岩应力,作为由窄缝局部应力解除法测定的洞壁围岩应力的补充,并进行相互印证.在工程应用实例中获得较好的效果.
在地下洞室穩定分析中,洞室橫截麵關鍵部位巖壁上的圍巖應力狀態是至關重要的,通常由地應力測量和計算分析得到.但地應力測量費工費時,尤其在高地應力地區地應力測量比較睏難,不易穫得可靠的地應力實測資料,因此在地下洞室穩定性分析中往往缺乏重要依據.而評價洞室穩定性關鍵性資料是它橫截麵上洞壁的圍巖應力狀態.建議在洞壁上採用窄縫跼部應力解除法測量洞壁關鍵部位的應力狀態,隻要在洞壁待測部位鑿3箇以上不同方嚮的窄縫槽,測量由鑿槽引起的變形,就可測定此洞壁關鍵部位上的二維應力狀態.在現場窄縫法巖體彈模試驗後,拓寬應用它的試驗成果,也即在試驗中,設想繼續提高埋設在窄縫槽中壓力鋼枕的壓力,直到它引起的位移牴消由鑿槽引起的位移,測得假設的窄縫槽中垂線上法嚮應力,然後推求洞壁上圍巖應力,作為由窄縫跼部應力解除法測定的洞壁圍巖應力的補充,併進行相互印證.在工程應用實例中穫得較好的效果.
재지하동실은정분석중,동실횡절면관건부위암벽상적위암응력상태시지관중요적,통상유지응력측량화계산분석득도.단지응력측량비공비시,우기재고지응력지구지응력측량비교곤난,불역획득가고적지응력실측자료,인차재지하동실은정성분석중왕왕결핍중요의거.이평개동실은정성관건성자료시타횡절면상동벽적위암응력상태.건의재동벽상채용착봉국부응력해제법측량동벽관건부위적응력상태,지요재동벽대측부위착3개이상불동방향적착봉조,측량유착조인기적변형,취가측정차동벽관건부위상적이유응력상태.재현장착봉법암체탄모시험후,탁관응용타적시험성과,야즉재시험중,설상계속제고매설재착봉조중압력강침적압력,직도타인기적위이저소유착조인기적위이,측득가설적착봉조중수선상법향응력,연후추구동벽상위암응력,작위유착봉국부응력해제법측정적동벽위암응력적보충,병진행상호인증.재공정응용실례중획득교호적효과.
In the stability analysis of underground caverns,the stress state on key parts of surrounding rock of the cavern′s cross-section is essential,and it is obtained by the geostress measurement and analysis. The geostress measurement is time-consuming and costly,especially in the high geostress region,it is more difficult to obtain reliable measured data;therefore there is often lack of an important basis for the stability analysis of underground cavern. The critical information to evaluate cavern stability is stress state of the wall rock on the cross-section,so the stress state measurement adopting slit local stress relieving method on the key parts of the wall rock is suggested;the two-dimensional stress state on rock wall can be determined provided gouging of more than 3 narrow slots of different directions on the measured site and measuring the deformation caused by the gouge. After the slit rock elastic modulus test in the site,the test results are widely applied,i. e. continue improving pressure of steel pillow buried in the narrow slot in the test,until the displacement caused by it offsets the displacement caused by gouging narrow slot,hypothetical normal stress on perpendicular bisector of the narrow slot is measured;and then to calculate the wall stress of surrounding rock;as a supplement to the measured wall rock stress by slit local stress relieving method and confirm each other. Good result is obtained in the example of engineering application.