CAJ | 학술논문

冷板冷藏汽车内空气的温度分布对其储运能力有很大影响,均匀的温度场使得货物在运输过程中品质得到有效保证.该文采用数值模拟方法,计算空载车箱内部温度场,并分析不同堆码方式对货物区温度场及流场的影响.通过对不同情况下冷板冷藏汽车箱体内的温度场特性进行数值模拟研究,得出了车箱内温度分布规律及其影响因素,可为其结构的优化改造及运输货物堆放方式合理性的验证提供理论依据.模拟研究发现车箱顶部温度相对较高,在该模型中货物区最高温差达到18℃左右,不利于货物贮运,建议顶部安装适量冷板并寻找合适的送风方式加强冷空气与货物的对流换热,以改善冷板冷藏汽车冷却速度慢的缺点.验证试验实测温度与模拟温度的偏差在1.7℃左右,两者偏差不大,说明所建立的模型适用于冷板冷藏车箱体内温度场的模拟.
랭판랭장기차내공기적온도분포대기저운능력유흔대영향,균균적온도장사득화물재운수과정중품질득도유효보증.해문채용수치모의방법,계산공재차상내부온도장,병분석불동퇴마방식대화물구온도장급류장적영향.통과대불동정황하랭판랭장기차상체내적온도장특성진행수치모의연구,득출료차상내온도분포규률급기영향인소,가위기결구적우화개조급운수화물퇴방방식합이성적험증제공이론의거.모의연구발현차상정부온도상대교고,재해모형중화물구최고온차체도18℃좌우,불리우화물저운,건의정부안장괄량랭판병심조합괄적송풍방식가강랭공기여화물적대류환열,이개선랭판랭장기차냉각속도만적결점.험증시험실측온도여모의온도적편차재1.7℃좌우,량자편차불대,설명소건립적모형괄용우랭판랭장차상체내온도장적모의.
Refrigerated transportation is an important for the cold chain of subsidiary agricultural products. As resource shortage becoming more serious and environmental disciplines more strict, an environmentally protecting and energy-saving cold plate refrigerated truck, which is also multi-functional in heat preservation and refrigeration, is urgently needed by refrigerated transportation. Cold plate refrigerated truck is rapidly expanding in recent years. Due to the outside thermal environment, the temperature of cargo area has a steady increase and uneven distribution, which has a negative influence on the quality of refrigerated cargoes. Therefore, ensuring a uniform temperature field distribution of cargo area is the critical issue to improve the quality of transported cargoes. The temperature distribution of cold plate refrigerated truck is one of the key factors affecting its storage and transportation quality. A uniform temperature field can keep goods fresh during transportation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is more and more widely used in refrigeration at present, and many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of CFD in simulation analysis for the heat transfer field. Buoyancy lift is the volume force caused by non-uniform faces in each part of the fluid’s density. The heat exchange of cold plate can be deemed as the natural heat exchange in a vast space that owns an internal heat source. In this paper, the interior temperature field of an empty container was calculated by means of numerical modeling and the effect of two stacking ways on temperature field and flow field in cargo area was also analyzed. k-εmodel and simple algorithm combined with Boussinesq assumption was used to simulate the three-dimension temperature distribution in cold plat refrigerated truck. In order to know the effect of different stack methods on temperature field and flow field in cargo area, stack methods were divided into two ways including close stacking and intermediated stacking in this paper. To better display the simulated results, three sections were selected along truck’s length direction and one section alone width direction as the research surface of computational simulation. This study revealed the general rules and influencing factors of temperature field in cold plate refrigerated truck, which can provide a reference for the optimization design and the selection of stack method in cold plate refrigerated truck. Simulation result showed that the temperature of container roof was always at a relatively high level. In this model, the temperature field and fluid field of the refrigerated truck were symmetrical both along the length and the width direction. The highest temperature difference in cargo area reached 18℃, which was disadvantage to storage and transportation quality. It is hard to form a uniform air and temperature field only by the natural convection depended on temperature difference in cold plate refrigerated truck. It's recommended to install cold plates on top of container and to find proper ventilation methods that can strengthen heat convection between cold air and goods, improving the cooling speed of cold plate refrigerated truck. Method of contrast verification was used to verify the correctness of the model in this paper. And the deviation of experimental data and simulated result was not beyond the scope of permission, which showed that the model was appropriate to the simulation of the temperature distribution in cold plate refrigerated truck.