CAJ | 학술논문

车轴是直接关系车辆运营安全的重要部件之一,但国内对车轴的检测自动化水平不高.在挂车车轴测试系统原型的基础上,通过Pro/E画图软件实现了测试系统的三维仿真,并进行了系统的构建,系统硬件包括支架、导轨、传感器、AC伺服电机及伺服驱动器;系统软件程序由LabVIEW编写,控制伺服电机的转动来驱动联动装置,通过两压头对模拟车轴进行加载,并通过数据采集卡采集位移和压力作为反馈.经过对位移传感器标定试验,得到定位最大相对误差为5.207%,平均相对误差的绝对值为1.4%;负载应力与电压线性回归方程中 R>0.994, Sig.<0.05,回归显著.最后进行模拟车轴的疲劳、刚度、强度和应力等性能试验和分析,试验结果基本满足项目要求.
차축시직접관계차량운영안전적중요부건지일,단국내대차축적검측자동화수평불고.재괘차차축측시계통원형적기출상,통과Pro/E화도연건실현료측시계통적삼유방진,병진행료계통적구건,계통경건포괄지가、도궤、전감기、AC사복전궤급사복구동기;계통연건정서유LabVIEW편사,공제사복전궤적전동래구동련동장치,통과량압두대모의차축진행가재,병통과수거채집잡채집위이화압력작위반궤.경과대위이전감기표정시험,득도정위최대상대오차위5.207%,평균상대오차적절대치위1.4%;부재응력여전압선성회귀방정중 R>0.994, Sig.<0.05,회귀현저.최후진행모의차축적피로、강도、강도화응력등성능시험화분석,시험결과기본만족항목요구.
@@@@The axle is one of the most important components directly relating the safety operation of vehicles. However, the testing method of axle on site used in China is backward and inefficient, while checking failures occur now and then. But the theory of reliability design of fatigue, which has been well developed, is difficult to be applied to the test of axle on site. In recent years, the computing automotive technology is advocated at abroad to solve the complicated problem of how to put the reliability analysis of fatigue into practice. @@@@This paper realized the 3D simulation of testing system through the Pro/E software as well as constructed the system, which was based on the trailer axle testing system prototype. The system hardware was comprised of support, guide, sensors, AC servo motor and servo driver; meanwhile, the system software adapted the modularized idea in order to divide the monolithic construction into five parts, including main operation control module and 4 testing modules. Every testing module was constituted by 5 submodules. The system software program was written by LabVIEW. It drove the linkage device by controlling the rotation of the servo motor and loaded the simulated axle through two pressure heads, then the displacement and pressure were collected as feedback through the data acquisition card. The displacement-voltage linear relationship of A/B pressure head was obtained through experiments on displacement sensors before system test. By calibrating the straight-line equation, the result was that the maximum locating relative error is 5.207%, and the absolute value of average relative error was 1.4%. The voltage-load linear relationship of A/B pressure head was obtained by accurate positioning of load. Analyzed by software SPSS, in the equation of the load stress and voltage linear regression, the result was that R>0.994, Sig.<0.05, thus regression was significant. @@@@According the constructed testing system, the performance of fatigue, stiffness, strength, and stress of the simulated axle were tested and analyzed. In fatigue test, flaw occurred after 821 times vibration and efficacy was lost after 1067 times vibration;in stiffness test, spot D almost stayed unchanged and the displacements of spot C and E ranged from 60 to 63 mm; in strength test, the maximum displacement of sensor E was 66.622 mm; in stress test, the maximum displacement of spot E was 66.751 mm, and the maximum stress was 259.444 MPa. The system was steady. The simulated test had been lasting for one month and no bug was found. Therefore, the result generally meets the project requirement.