CAJ | 학술논문

为实现稻田环境的监控和节水灌溉,该文设计了基于无线传输的稻田灌溉监控系统,其中包括1个主站和18个基站,采用日精 ND250A数传电台进行无线数据通信.基站可按设定的时间间隔自动采集稻田水温、土壤湿度、稻田水位等参数,并当接到主站指令时通过无线传输将数据上传到主站;基站供电采用太阳能蓄电池,以满足传感器运行及无线通讯的能耗需求.PLC控制灌溉设备的运行,运用组态软件设计人机交互界面,可自动或手动进行灌溉操作;工控机可运行基于Web的信息管理系统,监控灌溉现场的运行情况并在显示器上动态显示各种实时操作.该系统运行稳定,能够实现准确的无线数据采集,适用于稻田灌溉的实时监控.
위실현도전배경적감공화절수관개,해문설계료기우무선전수적도전관개감공계통,기중포괄1개주참화18개기참,채용일정 ND250A수전전태진행무선수거통신.기참가안설정적시간간격자동채집도전수온、토양습도、도전수위등삼수,병당접도주참지령시통과무선전수장수거상전도주참;기참공전채용태양능축전지,이만족전감기운행급무선통신적능모수구.PLC공제관개설비적운행,운용조태연건설계인궤교호계면,가자동혹수동진행관개조작;공공궤가운행기우Web적신식관리계통,감공관개현장적운행정황병재현시기상동태현시각충실시조작.해계통운행은정,능구실현준학적무선수거채집,괄용우도전관개적실시감공.
It was an urgent issue for the waste of water resources caused by the traditional irrigation methods. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, based on the automatic control technology and wireless communication technology, a set of rice irrigation control system with wireless transmission was designed in this paper. There were eighteen portable data acquisition station which transmitted wirelessly. The station using the PIC18F4520 microcontroller could control the temperature, humidity and liquid level sensor by setting the interval of data acquisition time. ND250A digital radio was connected with microcontroller by RS232 serial port. The data information was sent to the master station via the radio station. The power supply module of base station was made up of the solar energy battery and voltage control circuit, which could output 5 V and 12 V DC voltage and guarantee all the equipment of the base station operating stably for a long time in the open air of field work. According to the cold environment in the area of the north and rice water requirement, the solar heating system on the basis of increasing water temperature by sunning naturally was introduced in this paper, which utilized the extensive solar collectors to heat exchange, and could output rapidly the suitable warm water for the growth of rice (25℃). This system controlled and managed the executive equipments such as the irrigation water pump and the electromagnetic valves by SLC500 programmable controller. Factorytalk View Configuration software was used to design the man-machine interface, control the information collection, analysis and process the data, monitor the operating conditions of the system, realize the remote automatic or manual control and control precisely irrigation water volume. There was a large number of HD camera distributing in and around the paddy fields, so the rice growth situation could achieve the real-time display by the video management software. What’s more, the growth conditions of rice plant could be viewed in detail by 30 times optical zoom lens. At the same time, it also monitored the irrigation system and the collection of the base station operation conditions. All the software control was concentrated in the control center which the industrial PC was communicated with PLC by OPC. The center set up the information management interface based on WEB and developed the data management system software with SQL dataset, which provided the comprehensive data analysis, report inquiry and type and trend display charts and other functions. Video server in the center was responsible for storing video data and provided the consult for users at any time. Since the system put into operation, it was timely for the information collection, stable for the wireless transmission, normal for the automatic irrigation system operation and clear for the data analysis results. So it met the design requirements of system, especially it was great significant for the automation irrigation of rice in the northern.