CAJ | 학술논문

为研究日光温室梯形土质后墙与地表太阳辐射分布规律,采用辐射探头分别与墙体和地表平行的方式测定了后墙内表面上、中、下3点和地表面南北方向2点的太阳辐射照度.在墙体表面测试并比较了同一测点2种测法(探头水平安装与倾斜安装)的区别.结果表明,在墙体同一测点2种测法所测太阳辐射照度有显著性差异,倾斜法所测值大于水平法所测值,倾斜法所测值应为墙体表面实际得到的太阳辐射照度.在不开风口的情况下,墙体:温室后墙上、中、下3点表面日均太阳辐射照度依次升高.晴天,上、中、下3点日辐射总量分别占墙体日辐射总量的21.6%、36.6%和41.8%;阴天,这一比例为22.5%、34.0%和43.5%;地面:南北方向2测点太阳辐总量总是南部大于北部,南北2点太阳辐射总量分别占地面辐射总量的62.0%和38.0%;阴天的比值为63.2%和36.8%;墙体与地面:地面太阳辐射总量高于墙体.晴天,墙体表面太阳辐射总量为8.117 MJ/m2,地面为8.280 MJ/m2,地面值略高于墙体,差异不显著;阴天,墙体与地面太阳辐射总量分别为0.984和2.068 MJ/m2,地面太阳辐射总量显著高于墙体太阳辐射总量.该研究为探讨该类型温室热环境提供参考.
위연구일광온실제형토질후장여지표태양복사분포규률,채용복사탐두분별여장체화지표평행적방식측정료후장내표면상、중、하3점화지표면남북방향2점적태양복사조도.재장체표면측시병비교료동일측점2충측법(탐두수평안장여경사안장)적구별.결과표명,재장체동일측점2충측법소측태양복사조도유현저성차이,경사법소측치대우수평법소측치,경사법소측치응위장체표면실제득도적태양복사조도.재불개풍구적정황하,장체:온실후장상、중、하3점표면일균태양복사조도의차승고.청천,상、중、하3점일복사총량분별점장체일복사총량적21.6%、36.6%화41.8%;음천,저일비례위22.5%、34.0%화43.5%;지면:남북방향2측점태양복총량총시남부대우북부,남북2점태양복사총량분별점지면복사총량적62.0%화38.0%;음천적비치위63.2%화36.8%;장체여지면:지면태양복사총량고우장체.청천,장체표면태양복사총량위8.117 MJ/m2,지면위8.280 MJ/m2,지면치략고우장체,차이불현저;음천,장체여지면태양복사총량분별위0.984화2.068 MJ/m2,지면태양복사총량현저고우장체태양복사총량.해연구위탐토해류형온실열배경제공삼고.
@@@@In a solar greenhouse, solar radiation is the only resource of energy, thus functioning as the essential prerequisite for balancing its energy. The wall and the ground are the major recipients of solar radiation as well as the major elements for preserving the energy. In Northern China, 95% of the greenhouses have soil walls;therefore, it is meaningful to study solar radiation in the greenhouses with soil walls. @@@@Radiation probes were used to study the law of solar radiation distribution on a trapezoidal soil back wall and ground. The actual solar radiation on the greenhouse wall and ground was measured by balancing the probes with the walls and grounds respectively. That is to say, the probes at the wall were set inclined, while horizontal at the ground. Then, solar radiation was determined at the inner back wall’s upper, middle and lower parts, and also at the ground’s northern and southern parts. The radiation on the wall surface was determined by setting inclined and horizontal probes, and then the two groups of figures were analyzed. The results showed that the solar radiation determined by the two methods was strikingly different: the radiation quantity determined by setting inclined probes was much higher than that of horizontal probes. The quantity determined by inclined method was the actual solar radiation the wall ground received. Under the condition of closed tuyere, the results showed that:1) Wall:the daily average solar radiation intensity at the back wall increased successively at the upper, middle and lower parts. On clear days, the total radiation at the three parts was 5.74, 9.70, and 11.08 MJ/m2 respectively, accounting for 21.6%, 36.6%, and 41.8%respectively of the total daily solar radiation. On cloudy days, the total radiation at the three parts were 0.99, 1.50, and 1.92 MJ/m2 respectively, accounting for 22.5%, 34.0%, and 43.5%of the total daily solar radiation. 2) Ground:the total solar radiation in the southern part was always higher than that in northern part. On sunny days, the total radiation at the two parts was 11.00 and 6.74 MJ/m2, accounting for 62.0%and 38.0% respectively of the total ground radiation. On cloudy days, the radiation at the two parts was 3.51 and 2.04 MJ/m2, accounting for 63.2% and 36.8% respectively of the total ground radiation. 3) Wall and ground: the total solar radiation measured along the ground was higher than that measured along the wall. On sunny days, the mean wall radiation was 8.117 MJ/m2 and the ground radiation averaged 8.280 MJ/m2. Therefore, the ground radiation was slightly higher than the wall radiation, but the difference was not so obvious on sunny days. on cloudy days, the total solar radiation fluxes to the wall and ground were 0.984 and 2.068 MJ/m2 respectively. The ground radiation was always higher than wall radiation on cloudy days. In summary, the study is both significant for optimizing the structure of a trapezoidal soil wall and meaningful for further discussing the thermal environment of the greenhouse.