CAJ | 학술논문

大型客机座舱的舒适性研究对我国自主研发的大型客机的市场竞争力具有重要意义.良好的气流组织是座舱舒适性的重要保证,而开展针对具体机型的气流组织优化研究是我国发展大型客机的突破点之一.为此,首先用真实 MD-82客机座舱的气流和温度的试验数据验证了计算流体力学(CFD)模型,同时依据正交试验法安排了18个送风方案;然后用验证的 CFD 模型对18个送风方案进行了数值模拟,以座舱内垂直温差及局部风速为试验指标对其进行了评价,得出了试验中的最佳送风方案;最后对得出的最佳送风方案进行了热舒适性分析.研究结果表明,所采用的非定常 RNG k-ε模型能够合理地预测客机座舱内的空气流动.影响客机座舱气流组织最重要因素是行李架附近风口的送风速度,而天花板附近的侧壁风口送风角度对气流组织影响较小.优化得到的最佳送风方案能够营造热舒适性良好的座舱环境,预测平均热感觉指标约为-0.2.
대형객궤좌창적서괄성연구대아국자주연발적대형객궤적시장경쟁력구유중요의의.량호적기류조직시좌창서괄성적중요보증,이개전침대구체궤형적기류조직우화연구시아국발전대형객궤적돌파점지일.위차,수선용진실 MD-82객궤좌창적기류화온도적시험수거험증료계산류체역학(CFD)모형,동시의거정교시험법안배료18개송풍방안;연후용험증적 CFD 모형대18개송풍방안진행료수치모의,이좌창내수직온차급국부풍속위시험지표대기진행료평개,득출료시험중적최가송풍방안;최후대득출적최가송풍방안진행료열서괄성분석.연구결과표명,소채용적비정상 RNG k-ε모형능구합리지예측객궤좌창내적공기류동.영향객궤좌창기류조직최중요인소시행리가부근풍구적송풍속도,이천화판부근적측벽풍구송풍각도대기류조직영향교소.우화득도적최가송풍방안능구영조열서괄성량호적좌창배경,예측평균열감각지표약위-0.2.
A comfortable environment of commercial aircraft cabin is important for the market competitiveness of Chinese-made airplanes and a good air distribution can ensure the comfort. One of breakthroughs for China is the op-timization of air distribution for a certain airplane. This investigation first validated a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program with the experimental data of airflow and air temperature from MD-82, and 18 air supply schemes were designed with orthogonal test as well. Then the validated CFD program was used to calculate the air distributions of the 18 air supply schemes, and vertical temperature difference and local velocity were used to evaluate the perform-ance. Finally, the thermal comfort of the best air supply scheme was evaluated. The results showed that the unsteady RNG k-εmodel could predict the airflow in aircraft cabin with reasonable precision. The most important factor for air distribution of the cabin was the velocity of inlets which were located near the luggage rack, while the angles of air-flow from the inlets near ceiling had little impact on air distribution. The thermal comfort of the optimized air supply scheme was good with the predicted mean vote (PMV) of about -0.2.