CAJ | 학술논문

为了筛选适合西北非耕地荒漠区玉米秸秆单一发酵的微生物菌剂,以不添加菌剂为对照,研究了3种微生物菌剂(菌剂1主要由纤维素菌和降解淀粉芽孢杆菌组成,菌剂2主要由枯草芽孢杆菌、唐德链霉菌、白浅灰链霉菌、黑曲霉、里氏木霉组成,菌剂3主要由数十种微生物和生物酶组成)对玉米秸秆发酵腐熟效果和发酵过程中堆料温度、含水率、p H、种子发芽指数的影响.结果表明:添加微生物菌剂能有效加快发酵进程,发酵效果优于对照自然发酵;菌剂1和菌剂3处理升温速度最快,均于堆肥2 d后升至55℃以上,持续时间分别为27 d和33 d,菌剂2处理高温持续时间短;菌剂1和菌剂3处理发酵至30 d时种子发芽指数大于80%,而对照需要40 d;各处理总有机碳含量随着发酵的进程呈下降趋势,菌剂3处理的总有机碳降解速度最快;堆肥后4个处理的p H值均在腐熟堆肥的适宜范围之内.综合比较,菌剂3促进发酵的效果最好,菌剂1次之,菌剂2最差.
위료사선괄합서북비경지황막구옥미갈간단일발효적미생물균제,이불첨가균제위대조,연구료3충미생물균제(균제1주요유섬유소균화강해정분아포간균조성,균제2주요유고초아포간균、당덕련매균、백천회련매균、흑곡매、리씨목매조성,균제3주요유수십충미생물화생물매조성)대옥미갈간발효부숙효과화발효과정중퇴료온도、함수솔、p H、충자발아지수적영향.결과표명:첨가미생물균제능유효가쾌발효진정,발효효과우우대조자연발효;균제1화균제3처리승온속도최쾌,균우퇴비2 d후승지55℃이상,지속시간분별위27 d화33 d,균제2처리고온지속시간단;균제1화균제3처리발효지30 d시충자발아지수대우80%,이대조수요40 d;각처리총유궤탄함량수착발효적진정정하강추세,균제3처리적총유궤탄강해속도최쾌;퇴비후4개처리적p H치균재부숙퇴비적괄의범위지내.종합비교,균제3촉진발효적효과최호,균제1차지,균제2최차.
@@@@This study was committed to screen out the suitable corn stalk single fermentation mi-crobial inoculants on the northwest desert region of non-cultivated land in an aerobic composting test. Three representative microbial inoculants (microbial inoculant 1 is mainly consisted of cellulose fungus and degraded starch bacillus;microbial inoculant 2 is mainly consisted of Bacillus subtilis,Strepto-myces tendae,Streptomyces albogriseolus,Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei;microbial inoculant 3 is mainly consisted of dozens microorganisms and bio-enzyme) were selected to do the com-post experiment on corn stalk,not adding inoculants for the control check. The stacking temperature, moisture content,pH,germination seed index and other factors were surveyed and analyzed during the composting. The results show that adding microbial inoculants can effectively speed up the fermentation. The effects are better than that without addition.The temperatures of adding microbial inoculant 1 and microbial inoculant 3 treatments are relatively higher,which rose to 55 °C after 2 days.High tempera-ture lasted for 27 and 33 days,respectively.In the microbial inoculant 2 treatment,high temperature had short duration.The seed germination index was over 80% after 30 d,when treated by microbial inoculant 1 and microbial inoculant 3,while the CK needed 40 d.The total organic carbon contents of various treatments showed a downward trend,when fermentation was implemented. Treatment of micro-bial inoculant 3 had the fastest speed for organic carbon degradation.The pH values of all treatments were within the scope suitable for matured compost.We can summarize that the effect of microbial in-oculant 3 is the best,microbial inoculant 1 is second and microbial inoculant 2 is worst.