CAJ | 학술논문

实施了数十年的美国新镇政策,可分为三个时期:“新政”时期,美国联邦政府提出了绿带城镇计划,在大城市郊区建立相对自足的新社区,是改革当时城市住房、失业、贫民窟等问题的一次重要实验;“伟大社会”时期,约翰逊总统积极促成新镇立法,为新镇私人开发商提供多种形式的援助,推动美国新镇发展到高峰;“新联邦主义”时期,美国的社会政治经济形势发生重大改变,新镇立法在实施过程中遭遇重重挫折,联邦新镇项目大都走向失败.
실시료수십년적미국신진정책,가분위삼개시기:“신정”시기,미국련방정부제출료록대성진계화,재대성시교구건립상대자족적신사구,시개혁당시성시주방、실업、빈민굴등문제적일차중요실험;“위대사회”시기,약한손총통적겁촉성신진입법,위신진사인개발상제공다충형식적원조,추동미국신진발전도고봉;“신련방주의”시기,미국적사회정치경제형세발생중대개변,신진입법재실시과정중조우중중좌절,련방신진항목대도주향실패.
During the New Deal period, the United States federal government put forward the Greenbelt Towns plan, to establish relatively sufficient new communities in suburbs. This was an important experiment for solving housing, unemployment problems, slums, etc. Under Great Society, President Lyndon Johnson contributed a lot to the legislation of new towns, which would provide various forms of aid to new town private developers. However, President Richard Nixon proposed New Federalism, and the social, political and economic situations changed a lot. As a result, the implementation of new town’s legislation encountered many setbacks, and most of the federal aided new town projects failed.