CAJ | 학술논문

利用分子标记辅助选择和田间鉴定选择相结合的方法,将抗白叶枯病基因Xa23和抗褐飞虱基因Bph18(t)导入明恢86、蜀恢527和浙恢7954等3个骨干中籼恢复系,获得带有Xa23抗性基因纯合的改良恢复系明恢86-Xa23、蜀恢527-Xa23、浙恢7954-Xa23和携有抗褐飞虱 Bph18(t)基因的蜀恢527-Bph18(t)、浙恢7954-Bph18(t),并从蜀恢527/IRBB23 F1和浙恢7954/IR65482 F1复交后代中选育出的带有Xa23和Bph18(t)的双基因聚合系浙蜀-Xa23-Bph18(t).明恢86-Xa23、蜀恢527-Xa23、浙恢7954-Xa23和浙蜀-Xa23-Bph18(t)对中国和菲律宾的17个白叶枯病菌均表现高抗,蜀恢527-Bph18(t)、浙恢7954-Bph18(t)和浙蜀-Xa23-Bph18(t)对褐飞虱的抗性也达到中抗以上水平.抗性改良恢复系及其与不育系II-32A、沪旱11A的测交种在不接种白叶枯病菌条件下的产量和结实率与原来的恢复系及相应杂交种相仿,但在接种条件下带有Xa23基因的恢复系及测交种的结实率和产量明显优于原来的恢复系及相应杂交种.研究表明,抗性基因 Xa23在不同恢复系背景下的抗性表达完全,对恢复系白叶枯病改良的效果明显,而抗性基因Bph18(t)对褐飞虱的改良效果与遗传背景有关.对分子标记回交和复交改良恢复系的抗病虫性进行了讨论.
이용분자표기보조선택화전간감정선택상결합적방법,장항백협고병기인Xa23화항갈비슬기인Bph18(t)도입명회86、촉회527화절회7954등3개골간중선회복계,획득대유Xa23항성기인순합적개량회복계명회86-Xa23、촉회527-Xa23、절회7954-Xa23화휴유항갈비슬 Bph18(t)기인적촉회527-Bph18(t)、절회7954-Bph18(t),병종촉회527/IRBB23 F1화절회7954/IR65482 F1복교후대중선육출적대유Xa23화Bph18(t)적쌍기인취합계절촉-Xa23-Bph18(t).명회86-Xa23、촉회527-Xa23、절회7954-Xa23화절촉-Xa23-Bph18(t)대중국화비률빈적17개백협고병균균표현고항,촉회527-Bph18(t)、절회7954-Bph18(t)화절촉-Xa23-Bph18(t)대갈비슬적항성야체도중항이상수평.항성개량회복계급기여불육계II-32A、호한11A적측교충재불접충백협고병균조건하적산량화결실솔여원래적회복계급상응잡교충상방,단재접충조건하대유Xa23기인적회복계급측교충적결실솔화산량명현우우원래적회복계급상응잡교충.연구표명,항성기인 Xa23재불동회복계배경하적항성표체완전,대회복계백협고병개량적효과명현,이항성기인Bph18(t)대갈비슬적개량효과여유전배경유관.대분자표기회교화복교개량회복계적항병충성진행료토론.
A novel bacterial blight (BB) resistance gene, Xa23, and brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene, Bph18(t) were introgressed into three popular restorer lines (Minghui 86, Shuhui 527, and Zhehui 7954) for wild abortive cytoplasmic male ste-rility by marker-assisted backcross and pyramiding breeding approaches in combination with artificial inoculation and stringent phenotypic selections. The four derived BB resistant restorer lines [Minghui 86-Xa23, Shuhui 527-Xa23, Zhehui 7954-Xa23, and Zheshu-Xa23-Bph18(t)] and their derived hybrid combinations with II-32A and Huhan11A demonstrated similar BB resistance spectrum as the donor parent, IRBB23. The three derived BPH resistant restorer lines [Shu 527-Bph18(t), Zhehui 7954-Bph18(t), and Zheshu-Xa23-Bph18(t)] showed resistant or moderate resistant to BPH. The newly developed BB and BPH resistant restorers and their derived hybrids were identical to their respective original versions for agronomic traits especially under disease free condition. However, under severe disease condition, the four BB resistant restorer lines exhibited significantly higher grain weight and spikelet fertility as compared to the respective original restorer lines thus further resulting in BB resistant hybrids with sig-nificantly higher grain yields than their respective original hybrids. The results indicated that the Xa23 gene could completely express its dominant resistance in different backgrounds of both restorer and male sterile lines across different growth stages, suggesting its immense breeding value in BB resistance improvement for hybrid rice. However, effect of resistant improvement of Bph18(t) for BPH depends on genetic background. Improvement of resistance of BB and BPH for restorer lines by molecular marker-assisted backcross and pyramiding was deeply discussed.