CAJ | 학술논문

以直播、小苗移栽和大苗移栽3种栽植方式为主处理,接种和不接种稗草为裂区处理,17份不同株型和化感特性水稻材料为再裂区处理,设计了对无芒稗干扰控制田间试验.结果表明,直播和小苗移栽对无芒稗株高、分蘖和干重有较好的抑制作用,优势株型和化感特性水稻对无芒稗具有较好的干扰控制作用.在30株 m–2无芒稗的竞争干扰下,3种栽植方式间水稻产量差异不显著,杂草竞争干扰使水稻减产21.73%,化感作用水稻吓一跳、IR644-1-63-1-1、谷梅2号对稗草竞争力强,仍具一定产量水平.无芒稗竞争干扰对直播水稻株高、分蘖和植株干重影响大,与移栽水稻的差异显著.杂草干扰对供试水稻材料的农艺性状产生不同影响,水稻化感种质吓一跳中期分蘖强、植株高、干重大.无芒稗竞争干扰对成熟水稻株高无影响,但对分蘖、植株茎秆和穗干重差异显著.杂草竞争对3种种植方式的水稻千粒重无显著影响,但单株谷粒重以大苗移栽显著大于直播,移栽水稻的穗型较大,每穗总颖花数、每穗实粒数和结实率显著大于直播水稻.化感作用水稻谷梅2号、IR644-1-63-1-1、TN1和PI312777每穗颖花数不高、每穗实粒数少,化感作用水稻吓一跳每穗颖花数不高,但结实率高.水稻材料中早27、早籼浙207、早籼浙101、中早22等拥有较高的千粒重,化感作用水稻谷梅2号的千粒重显著高于IR644-1-63-1-1、TN1和PI312777.早籼浙101、早籼浙207和中早22等拥有较高的单株谷粒重,化感作用水稻中156的单株谷粒重显著高于谷梅2号、吓一跳、IR644-1-63-1-1、TN1和PI312777.
이직파、소묘이재화대묘이재3충재식방식위주처리,접충화불접충패초위렬구처리,17빈불동주형화화감특성수도재료위재렬구처리,설계료대무망패간우공제전간시험.결과표명,직파화소묘이재대무망패주고、분얼화간중유교호적억제작용,우세주형화화감특성수도대무망패구유교호적간우공제작용.재30주 m–2무망패적경쟁간우하,3충재식방식간수도산량차이불현저,잡초경쟁간우사수도감산21.73%,화감작용수도하일도、IR644-1-63-1-1、곡매2호대패초경쟁력강,잉구일정산량수평.무망패경쟁간우대직파수도주고、분얼화식주간중영향대,여이재수도적차이현저.잡초간우대공시수도재료적농예성상산생불동영향,수도화감충질하일도중기분얼강、식주고、간중대.무망패경쟁간우대성숙수도주고무영향,단대분얼、식주경간화수간중차이현저.잡초경쟁대3충충식방식적수도천립중무현저영향,단단주곡립중이대묘이재현저대우직파,이재수도적수형교대,매수총영화수、매수실립수화결실솔현저대우직파수도.화감작용수도곡매2호、IR644-1-63-1-1、TN1화PI312777매수영화수불고、매수실립수소,화감작용수도하일도매수영화수불고,단결실솔고.수도재료중조27、조선절207、조선절101、중조22등옹유교고적천립중,화감작용수도곡매2호적천립중현저고우IR644-1-63-1-1、TN1화PI312777.조선절101、조선절207화중조22등옹유교고적단주곡립중,화감작용수도중156적단주곡립중현저고우곡매2호、하일도、IR644-1-63-1-1、TN1화PI312777.
The interference effects of 17 rice materials with different morphological and allelopathic characteristics on Echinoch-loa crus-galli were studied using split-split plot experiment design. Three common rice planting patterns including water direct seeding, small rice seedling transplanting and big rice seedling transplanting were designed as main treatment, and two weeding inoculations, barnyardgrass mixture transplanting and without barnyardgrass as split treatment, and 17 rice materials as split-split treatment. The results showed that direct seeding and small seedling transplanting treatments had better inhibitory effects on plant height, tiller ability and dry weight of barnyardgrass compared with big seedling transplanting treatment. The rice with advanta-geous morphological and allelopathic characteristics could suppress barnyardgrass effectively. With 30 plants per square meter of barnyardgrass interference competition, the rice yield under three different planting patterns was not significantly different, with 21.73%of reduction due to weed interference. On the other hand, the allelopathic rice materials Xiayitiao, IR644-1-63-1-1 and Gumei 2 controlled barnyardgrass effectively, remaining relatively better rice yield in spite of weed infestation. Barnyardgrass competition restrained rice growth, especially in direct seeding treatment. Under such circumstances, the rice plant height, tillering ability and dry weight in most growth stages of direct seeding treatment were worse than those of transplanting treatments. The effects of weed competition on rice agronomic traits were quite different. Allelopathic rice material Xiayitiao had better tillering ability in tiller stage, and higher plant height and dry weight at most growth stages. Weed infestation could not affect the rice ulti-mat plant height, but influence rice tillering ability, stem and panicle dry weight remarkably. Weed competition did not change grain weight significantly under three rice planting patterns. The grain weight per rice plant in transplanting treatments was sig-nificantly greater than that in direct seeding. The panicle length, total panicle number, setting number and seed setting percentage were also notably larger than those in direct seeding. Both panicle number and setting number of allelopathic rice materials Gumei 2, IR644-1-63-1-1, TN1, and PI312777 were smaller. Although panicle number of allelopathic rice Xiayitiao was smaller, the seed setting percentage was quite higher. Rice materials Zhongzao 27, Zhe 207, Zhe 101, and Zhongzao 22 had higher 1000-grain weight. The 1000-grain weight of allelopathic rice Gumei 2 was significantly larger than those of IR644-1-63-1-1, TN1, and PI312777. The grain weight of Zhe 101, Zhe 207, and Zhongzao 22 was higher;meanwhile, the grain weight of allelopathic rice 156 was significantly larger than that of Gumei 2, Xiayitiao, IR644-1-63-1-1, TN1, and PI312777.