CAJ | 학술논문

汶川8.0级地震共触发地质灾害13759处，灾区39个县（市、区）的地质灾害发育密度达14.02处／100 km2。该文采用以上数据，探讨了地震地质灾害的区域性分布规律，着重分析了地震地质灾害与地震烈度、地层岩性、地形坡度及海拔高程等影响因素的关系，得出以下认识：①研究区地震地质灾害主要分布于发震断裂两侧30 km范围内，在区域上表现出沿龙门山中央断裂呈“带状”分布、沿水系呈“线状”或“串状”分布的特征；②地震地质灾害发生的斜坡部位与微地貌形态有着密切的关系，地震地质灾害多沿山脊线或分水岭部位高位分布；③地震地质灾害的发育程度与地震烈度呈正相关关系，地质灾害的发育密度，随着地震烈度等级的降低而降低；④地震地质灾害主要发育在较软岩岩组和坚硬岩岩组内，在地震力作用下，软岩岩组内更容易引发滑坡灾害，崩塌多发育在坚硬岩组内；⑤在海拔1000～1500 m，斜坡坡度30°～50°区域范围内是地质灾害集中发育区，不同坡度范围内，地震地质灾害表现出不同的优势发育类型。
문천8.0급지진공촉발지질재해13759처，재구39개현（시、구）적지질재해발육밀도체14.02처／100 km2。해문채용이상수거，탐토료지진지질재해적구역성분포규률，착중분석료지진지질재해여지진열도、지층암성、지형파도급해발고정등영향인소적관계，득출이하인식：①연구구지진지질재해주요분포우발진단렬량측30 km범위내，재구역상표현출연룡문산중앙단렬정“대상”분포、연수계정“선상”혹“천상”분포적특정；②지진지질재해발생적사파부위여미지모형태유착밀절적관계，지진지질재해다연산척선혹분수령부위고위분포；③지진지질재해적발육정도여지진열도정정상관관계，지질재해적발육밀도，수착지진열도등급적강저이강저；④지진지질재해주요발육재교연암암조화견경암암조내，재지진력작용하，연암암조내경용역인발활파재해，붕탑다발육재견경암조내；⑤재해발1000～1500 m，사파파도30°～50°구역범위내시지질재해집중발육구，불동파도범위내，지진지질재해표현출불동적우세발육류형。
Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake triggered 1 3759 geological disasters in total,and the geological disas-ter development density of 39 counties (cities,districts)is 1 4.02/1 00 km2 .According to the above data,regional distribution pattern of seismic and geological disasters are discussed.It is mainly focused in the analysis on the rela-tionship between geological disasters and the influencing factors including earthquake intensity,lithology,terrain slope and altitude,and the following conclusions are derived:① In the research area,the geological disasters mainly distributed along both sides of the coseismic fault and within 30 km of the coseismic fault.On the regional scale,the distribution pattern appears zonal distribution along Longmenshan central fault,and linear distribution or string-like distribution along the water system.② The slope position of geological disasters has close relationship with micro-landforms,and the geological disasters distributed mainly on the high position along the ridgelines and watersheds.③ The development level of geological disasters has positive relationship with earthquake.The devel-opment density of geological disasters decreases as the earthquake intensity decreases.④Geological disasters main-ly develop in relative soft rock formations and hard rock formations.By the effect of earthquake force,landslides u-sually occur in soft rock formation,and rock falls often develop in hard rock formation.⑤ Geological disasters mainly develop within the area where the altitude is from 1 000 to 1 500m,and the slope is from 30°to 50°.In dif-ferent ranges of slope,geological disasters demonstrate different advantage developmental patterns.