CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解小学生肥胖防治相关知识态度行为，评估健康教育干预效果。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取上海市嘉定区2所干预组学校和2所对照组学校2～4年级小学生2990名，对干预组实施肥胖防治健康教育，采用问卷调查方法对健康教育干预效果进行评价。结果健康教育后，见过膳食宝塔图、多吃蔬菜对身体好、水果不能代替蔬菜、洋快餐营养特点、吃得过饱对身体有影响、肥胖的判断标准、身体肥胖对健康有影响、控制体重的正确方法等知识知晓率，干预组显著高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。干预组不论是小学生还是家长，对坚持运动、不吃不健康食品、希望孩子保持适中的体重等行为的积极意愿，健康教育后较健康教育前均明显提高，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）。健康教育后，干预组小学生吃得最多的食物为米饭、以白开水为主要饮料的健康行为分别占75.2%和83.5%，均高于对照组（59.6%和78.0%），差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）。结论上海市嘉定区小学生肥胖防治健康教育干预效果较显著，但小学生不良饮食行为改变需要持久的健康教育与健康促进来取得。
목적：료해소학생비반방치상관지식태도행위，평고건강교육간예효과。방법채용분층정군수궤추양방법추취상해시가정구2소간예조학교화2소대조조학교2～4년급소학생2990명，대간예조실시비반방치건강교육，채용문권조사방법대건강교육간예효과진행평개。결과건강교육후，견과선식보탑도、다흘소채대신체호、수과불능대체소채、양쾌찬영양특점、흘득과포대신체유영향、비반적판단표준、신체비반대건강유영향、공제체중적정학방법등지식지효솔，간예조현저고우대조조，차이균유통계학의의（P균<0.05）。간예조불론시소학생환시가장，대견지운동、불흘불건강식품、희망해자보지괄중적체중등행위적적겁의원，건강교육후교건강교육전균명현제고，차이균유통계학의의（P균<0.01）。건강교육후，간예조소학생흘득최다적식물위미반、이백개수위주요음료적건강행위분별점75.2%화83.5%，균고우대조조（59.6%화78.0%），차이균유통계학의의（P균<0.01）。결론상해시가정구소학생비반방치건강교육간예효과교현저，단소학생불량음식행위개변수요지구적건강교육여건강촉진래취득。
Objective To investigate the status of knowledge, attitude and behavior of obesity prevention and the intervention effect among primary school students. Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method, 2 990 primary school students from grade 2 to grade 4 were recruited from 2 intervention group schools and 2 control group schools in Jiading District of Shanghai. Health promotion on obesity prevention was carried out among students in intervention group. Questionnaire survey was adopted to evaluate the intervention effect. Results After health education, the single reporting rate of “knowing of Chinese food guide pyramid”, “eating vegetables good for your health”, “fruit can not replace vegetables”, “nutrition characteristics of fast food”, “hazards of overeating”, “obesity standard”, “the health effects of being overweight” and “the methods to control obesity” in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). For the students and parents in intervention group, the proportion of “willing to taking exercise”,“without unhealthy food” and “hoping children keeping healthy weight” after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention (P < 0.01). After health education, the students in intervention group with health behaviors, such as feeding on rice and drinking boiled water, accounted for 75.2% and 83.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in control group (59.6% and 78.0%, respectively)(P < 0.01). Conclusion The health education intervention for obesity prevention has a remarkable effect among primary school students in Jiading District of Shanghai. However, lasting health education and promotion is required to change the unfavorable diet behavior.