CAJ | 학술논문

对19个梨品种的花朵形态和2014年郑州地区的花期进行了调查。结果表明：19个梨品种中，红香酥、金晶、酸把梨、冀玉、若光和早冠6个品种花期较早，初花期在3月25日；红茄、早白蜜和秋月3个品种花期较晚，初花期在3月28日；其余10个品种早酥红、中梨1号、圆黄、晚秀、黄冠和华山等介于二者之间，在3月26－27日。花序露出期及初花期2个发育时期与3月份2个15.0℃以上温度高峰期在时间上相吻合，表明日平均温度在15.0℃以上对梨开花起着非常重要的作用。玉露香每花序花朵数量最高，平均为9.4朵，红茄花朵数量最少，在5朵以下；花蕾颜色为白色的有中梨1号和圆黄等7个品种，其余12个品种包括黄冠和晚秀等花蕾分别为浅粉到红色；花瓣为复瓣的品种有秋月、翠冠、红茄、早白蜜和若光，且花瓣数量均大于9个。早白蜜花冠直径最大，达到4.7 cm。
대19개리품충적화타형태화2014년정주지구적화기진행료조사。결과표명：19개리품충중，홍향소、금정、산파리、기옥、약광화조관6개품충화기교조，초화기재3월25일；홍가、조백밀화추월3개품충화기교만，초화기재3월28일；기여10개품충조소홍、중리1호、원황、만수、황관화화산등개우이자지간，재3월26－27일。화서로출기급초화기2개발육시기여3월빈2개15.0℃이상온도고봉기재시간상상문합，표명일평균온도재15.0℃이상대리개화기착비상중요적작용。옥로향매화서화타수량최고，평균위9.4타，홍가화타수량최소，재5타이하；화뢰안색위백색적유중리1호화원황등7개품충，기여12개품충포괄황관화만수등화뢰분별위천분도홍색；화판위복판적품충유추월、취관、홍가、조백밀화약광，차화판수량균대우9개。조백밀화관직경최대，체도4.7 cm。
Researches were conducted on flower forms and flowering phonological periods of 1 9 pear cultivars in Zhengzhou in 2014.The results showed that the flowering periods of six pear cultivars(Hongxiangsu,Jinjing,Suanbali,Jiyu,Ruoguang and Zaoguan)in 19 cultivars were earlier,the preliminary flowering date was on March 25;the flowering periods of three cultivars (Hongqie,Zaobaimi and Qiuyue)were later,the preliminary flowering date was on March 28;the flowering periods of the other ten cultivars (Zaoshuhong,Zhongli No.1 ,Yuanhuang,Wanxiu, Huangguan and Huashan,etc.)were between them,the preliminary flowering dates were on March 26 to 27.The dates of the inflorescence revealing and the preliminary flowering time consisted with that of two periods of temperature peak with average temperature over 1 5.0 ℃ in one day and night,showing that the average temperature over 1 5.0 ℃ in one day and night was very important for pear flowering.The flower number in each inflorescence of Yuluxiang was the highest among 19 cultivars,9.4 on average;which was the least of Hongqie,less than 5.The flower buds of seven cultivars including Zhongli No.1 and Yuanhuang were white,the other 1 2 cultivars including Huangguan and Wanxiu were from light red to red.Five cultivars including Qiuyue,Cuiguan,Hongqie,Zaobaimi and Ruoguang were semi-double flower,the petal numbers were all more than 9 .The corolla diameter of Zaobaimi was the biggest,reaching 4.7 cm.