河南农业科学
河南農業科學
하남농업과학
JOURNAL OF HENAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
11期
65-71
,共7页
崔莹%王海邻%李永%王梅%李自强
崔瑩%王海鄰%李永%王梅%李自彊
최형%왕해린%리영%왕매%리자강
城市污泥%重金属%形态分析%地累积指数%生态风险%焦作市
城市汙泥%重金屬%形態分析%地纍積指數%生態風險%焦作市
성시오니%중금속%형태분석%지루적지수%생태풍험%초작시
sewage sludge%heavy metal%fraction analysis%index of geoaccumulation%ecological risk%Jiaozuo
为研究城市污泥中重金属的形态分布及其对污泥农用的潜在风险，以焦作市城市污水处理厂沉砂池污泥和压滤机房污泥样品为研究对象，采用修正的 BCR分步提取法分析了 Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Zn、Ni元素的形态分布状况，并利用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法评价了重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明，焦作市城市污水处理厂沉砂池污泥和压滤机房污泥中6种元素含量均在我国污泥农用控制标准范围内。与沉砂池污泥相比，压滤机房污泥中各元素的总含量以及各元素的可交换态所占百分比均较高，除Cr以外的5种元素的残渣态所占百分比则相对较低。6种元素中，Pb的残渣态含量最高，分别达到了85.69％（沉砂池污泥）和82.25％（压滤机房污泥），可交换态含量最少（沉砂池污泥为0.29％，压滤机房污泥为1.25％），表明污泥中的 Pb元素稳定性最强，活性最低；Ni的可交换态所占百分比最高，分别为4.00％（沉砂池污泥）和15.53％（压滤机房污泥），残渣态所占百分比最小，分别为24.34％（沉砂池污泥）和19.56％（压滤机房污泥），表明污泥中Ni元素具有较强的迁移性和生物可利用性，在污泥农用时应引起注意。从地累积指数法评价结果来看，污泥中Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Ni属于清洁水平，Zn属于中度污染；从潜在生态危害指数法综合评价结果来看，污泥中6种元素均属于低风险，可进行污泥农用。
為研究城市汙泥中重金屬的形態分佈及其對汙泥農用的潛在風險，以焦作市城市汙水處理廠沉砂池汙泥和壓濾機房汙泥樣品為研究對象，採用脩正的 BCR分步提取法分析瞭 Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Zn、Ni元素的形態分佈狀況，併利用地纍積指數法和潛在生態危害指數法評價瞭重金屬的潛在生態風險。結果錶明，焦作市城市汙水處理廠沉砂池汙泥和壓濾機房汙泥中6種元素含量均在我國汙泥農用控製標準範圍內。與沉砂池汙泥相比，壓濾機房汙泥中各元素的總含量以及各元素的可交換態所佔百分比均較高，除Cr以外的5種元素的殘渣態所佔百分比則相對較低。6種元素中，Pb的殘渣態含量最高，分彆達到瞭85.69％（沉砂池汙泥）和82.25％（壓濾機房汙泥），可交換態含量最少（沉砂池汙泥為0.29％，壓濾機房汙泥為1.25％），錶明汙泥中的 Pb元素穩定性最彊，活性最低；Ni的可交換態所佔百分比最高，分彆為4.00％（沉砂池汙泥）和15.53％（壓濾機房汙泥），殘渣態所佔百分比最小，分彆為24.34％（沉砂池汙泥）和19.56％（壓濾機房汙泥），錶明汙泥中Ni元素具有較彊的遷移性和生物可利用性，在汙泥農用時應引起註意。從地纍積指數法評價結果來看，汙泥中Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Ni屬于清潔水平，Zn屬于中度汙染；從潛在生態危害指數法綜閤評價結果來看，汙泥中6種元素均屬于低風險，可進行汙泥農用。
위연구성시오니중중금속적형태분포급기대오니농용적잠재풍험，이초작시성시오수처리엄침사지오니화압려궤방오니양품위연구대상，채용수정적 BCR분보제취법분석료 Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Zn、Ni원소적형태분포상황，병이용지루적지수법화잠재생태위해지수법평개료중금속적잠재생태풍험。결과표명，초작시성시오수처리엄침사지오니화압려궤방오니중6충원소함량균재아국오니농용공제표준범위내。여침사지오니상비，압려궤방오니중각원소적총함량이급각원소적가교환태소점백분비균교고，제Cr이외적5충원소적잔사태소점백분비칙상대교저。6충원소중，Pb적잔사태함량최고，분별체도료85.69％（침사지오니）화82.25％（압려궤방오니），가교환태함량최소（침사지오니위0.29％，압려궤방오니위1.25％），표명오니중적 Pb원소은정성최강，활성최저；Ni적가교환태소점백분비최고，분별위4.00％（침사지오니）화15.53％（압려궤방오니），잔사태소점백분비최소，분별위24.34％（침사지오니）화19.56％（압려궤방오니），표명오니중Ni원소구유교강적천이성화생물가이용성，재오니농용시응인기주의。종지루적지수법평개결과래간，오니중Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Ni속우청길수평，Zn속우중도오염；종잠재생태위해지수법종합평개결과래간，오니중6충원소균속우저풍험，가진행오니농용。
In order to understand the speciation of heavy metal elements in sewage sludge and their ecological risk to agricultural usage,grit chamber sludge and de-watering sludge of Jiaozuo sewage treatment plant were sampled.The speciation analysis of Cr,Pb,As,Cu,Zn and Ni were performed using a modified BCR extraction procedure.Index of geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk index were calculated to assess the potential ecological risk induced by heavy metal elements in the sewage sludge. The results showed that the concentrations of the six heavy metal elements in grit chamber sludge and de-watering sludge of Jiaozuo sewage treatment plant met the requirements of state standards set for sewage sludge of agricultural use.Compared with the grit chamber sludge,the total content of heavy metal elements and the percentage of exchangeable fraction of six heavy metal elements in de-watering sludge were higher;except Cr,percentages of residual fraction of the other heavy metal elements were lower.Among six heavy metal elements,Pb in the sludge showed the highest chemical stability and the lowest bioavailability with the highest percentage of residual fraction(85.69% in grit chamber sludge and 82.25% in de-watering sludge),the lowest percentage of exchangeable fraction(0.29% in grit chamber sludge and 1.2 5% in de-watering sludge );Ni showed the highest highest transport capability and bioavailability with the highest percentage of exchangeable fraction(4.00% in grit chamber sludge and 15.53% in de-watering sludge)and the lowest percentage of residual fraction(24.34% in grit chamber sludge and 1 9.5 6% in de-watering sludge).The index of geoaccumulation indicated that Cr,Pb,As,Cu, Ni belonged to clear level,while Zn belonged to moderate pollution level.The potential ecological risk index indicated that the six heavy metal elements in sludge of Jiaozuo sewage treatment plant had low potential ecological risk,and might be applied to farm land after suitable treatments.
