工程塑料应用
工程塑料應用
공정소료응용
ENGINEERING PLASTICS APPLICATION
2014年
11期
1-5
,共5页
聚氨酯%弹性体%聚碳酸酯二醇%4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯%结晶性能
聚氨酯%彈性體%聚碳痠酯二醇%4,4’-二苯基甲烷二異氰痠酯%結晶性能
취안지%탄성체%취탄산지이순%4,4’-이분기갑완이이청산지%결정성능
polyurethane%elastomer%polycarbonate diol%4,4’-two phenyl methane diisocyanate%crystalline ability
以聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、4，4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和1，4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料，通过两步法制备了硬段含量分别为31%，38%，44%的PCDL／MDI型热塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)弹性体，并利用拉力试验机，邵氏硬度计，X射线衍射仪，维卡软化点测定仪，动态流变仪和偏光显微镜等测试表征手段，对PUR-T弹性体的力学性能、耐热变形性能、动态流变性能以及结晶等进行了研究。结果表明，随着硬段含量的增加，PUR-T弹性体的硬度、拉伸强度和定伸应力均逐渐增大，而断裂伸长率呈下降趋势，其中当硬段含量为44%时，PUR-T弹性体的邵氏A硬度为91，拉伸强度达到24.78 MPa，300%定伸应力为12.40 MPa，而断裂伸长率为558.62%；X射线衍射图中只有宽的漫散射峰，没有锐的结晶峰，表明PUR-T弹性体呈无定形状态；PUR-T弹性体的硬段含量为31%时，维卡软化温度为83℃，而PUR-T弹性体的硬段含量为44%时，维卡软化温度达到128℃，抗热变形能力显著提高；PUR-T弹性体的熔体复数黏度均随着角频率的增加而下降，表现为剪切变稀现象，材料为假塑性流体，并且PUR-T弹性体的储能模量均随着温度的升高而降低；经过热处理后，PUR-T弹性体均有球晶生成，且结晶能力随硬段含量的增加而提高。
以聚碳痠酯二醇(PCDL)、4，4’-二苯基甲烷二異氰痠酯(MDI)和1，4-丁二醇(BDO)為原料，通過兩步法製備瞭硬段含量分彆為31%，38%，44%的PCDL／MDI型熱塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)彈性體，併利用拉力試驗機，邵氏硬度計，X射線衍射儀，維卡軟化點測定儀，動態流變儀和偏光顯微鏡等測試錶徵手段，對PUR-T彈性體的力學性能、耐熱變形性能、動態流變性能以及結晶等進行瞭研究。結果錶明，隨著硬段含量的增加，PUR-T彈性體的硬度、拉伸彊度和定伸應力均逐漸增大，而斷裂伸長率呈下降趨勢，其中噹硬段含量為44%時，PUR-T彈性體的邵氏A硬度為91，拉伸彊度達到24.78 MPa，300%定伸應力為12.40 MPa，而斷裂伸長率為558.62%；X射線衍射圖中隻有寬的漫散射峰，沒有銳的結晶峰，錶明PUR-T彈性體呈無定形狀態；PUR-T彈性體的硬段含量為31%時，維卡軟化溫度為83℃，而PUR-T彈性體的硬段含量為44%時，維卡軟化溫度達到128℃，抗熱變形能力顯著提高；PUR-T彈性體的鎔體複數黏度均隨著角頻率的增加而下降，錶現為剪切變稀現象，材料為假塑性流體，併且PUR-T彈性體的儲能模量均隨著溫度的升高而降低；經過熱處理後，PUR-T彈性體均有毬晶生成，且結晶能力隨硬段含量的增加而提高。
이취탄산지이순(PCDL)、4，4’-이분기갑완이이청산지(MDI)화1，4-정이순(BDO)위원료，통과량보법제비료경단함량분별위31%，38%，44%적PCDL／MDI형열소성취안지(PUR-T)탄성체，병이용랍력시험궤，소씨경도계，X사선연사의，유잡연화점측정의，동태류변의화편광현미경등측시표정수단，대PUR-T탄성체적역학성능、내열변형성능、동태류변성능이급결정등진행료연구。결과표명，수착경단함량적증가，PUR-T탄성체적경도、랍신강도화정신응력균축점증대，이단렬신장솔정하강추세，기중당경단함량위44%시，PUR-T탄성체적소씨A경도위91，랍신강도체도24.78 MPa，300%정신응력위12.40 MPa，이단렬신장솔위558.62%；X사선연사도중지유관적만산사봉，몰유예적결정봉，표명PUR-T탄성체정무정형상태；PUR-T탄성체적경단함량위31%시，유잡연화온도위83℃，이PUR-T탄성체적경단함량위44%시，유잡연화온도체도128℃，항열변형능력현저제고；PUR-T탄성체적용체복수점도균수착각빈솔적증가이하강，표현위전절변희현상，재료위가소성류체，병차PUR-T탄성체적저능모량균수착온도적승고이강저；경과열처리후，PUR-T탄성체균유구정생성，차결정능력수경단함량적증가이제고。
Using polycarbonate diol(PCDL),4,4’-two phenyl methane diisocyanate(MDI) and 1,4-butane diol(BDO) as raw materials,a series of novel thermoplastic polyurethane(PUR-T) elastomer containing 33%,38%,44% hard segment were prepared by two-type method. The PUR-T elastomer properties such as mechanical properties,thermal deformation resistance, dynamic rheological properties and crystallization properties were tested by tensile testing machine,shore hardness tester,X-ray diffractometer,thermal deformation vicat point tester,dynamic rheometer,polarizing microscope,etc.. The results show that the hardness,tensile strength and stress at definite elongation of PUR-T elastomer increases when the content of hard segment increases, whereas the elongation at break decreases. Specifically,the PUR-T elastomer with 44%hard segment has the best comprehensive mechanical and physical properties with the shore A hardness being 91,the tensile strength being 24.78 MPa,the 300%stress at definite elongation being 12.40 MPa and the elongation at break being 558.62%. The wide diffuse scattering peaks are only observed in X-ray diffraction diagram,which show PUR-T elastomer are amorphous. The vicat softening temperature enhanced from 83℃to 128℃,when the hard segment content changed from 31%to 44%,and the resistance to thermal deformation improved. The PUR-T elastomer melt is pseudo plastic fluid and all specimens exhibited shear thinning behavior. The storage modulus of PUR-T elastomer decreases as the temperature rises. The spherulites are generated after heat treatment and the crystalline ability of PUR-T elastomer improved with the increase of hard segment content.
