中国药业
中國藥業
중국약업
CHINA PHARMACEUTICALS
2014年
21期
63-64,65
,共3页
病原菌%抗菌药物%耐药性
病原菌%抗菌藥物%耐藥性
병원균%항균약물%내약성
pathogenic bacteria%antibacterial drugs%drug resistance
目的：了解医院感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性情况，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对医院2013年所分离病原菌的菌群分布与耐药性进行分析，并用WHONET 5.6软件进行统计。结果共分离出3016株致病菌，其中以革兰阴性菌为主，大肠埃希菌比例最高（21.44%）、其次是肺炎克雷伯菌（9.63%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（8.88%）；革兰阳性菌中，以金黄色葡萄球菌最高（7.75%）。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、第1代头孢类耐药率较高(60%~90%)，对加酶抑制剂β－内酰胺类较敏感，对阿米卡星、亚胺培南完全敏感。肺炎克雷伯菌耐药情况与大肠埃希菌相似，但对氟喹诺酮类耐药率明显低于大肠埃希菌，均低于15%。鲍曼不动杆菌对抗菌药物耐药率均较高，耐药率小于30%的只有有阿米卡星（23.4%）。铜绿假单胞菌对加酶抑制剂类、第4代头孢类、环丙沙星等敏感性较高，对亚胺培南耐药率是17%。葡萄球菌属未出现耐药的抗菌药物有万古霉素、利奈唑胺、呋喃妥因和替加环素。结论医院主要是革兰阴性菌感染，鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性逐渐增强，故应加强细菌耐药性监测，合理使用抗菌药物。
目的：瞭解醫院感染病原菌的分佈及其耐藥性情況，為臨床閤理用藥提供依據。方法對醫院2013年所分離病原菌的菌群分佈與耐藥性進行分析，併用WHONET 5.6軟件進行統計。結果共分離齣3016株緻病菌，其中以革蘭陰性菌為主，大腸埃希菌比例最高（21.44%）、其次是肺炎剋雷伯菌（9.63%）、鮑曼不動桿菌（8.88%）；革蘭暘性菌中，以金黃色葡萄毬菌最高（7.75%）。大腸埃希菌對氨芐西林、第1代頭孢類耐藥率較高(60%~90%)，對加酶抑製劑β－內酰胺類較敏感，對阿米卡星、亞胺培南完全敏感。肺炎剋雷伯菌耐藥情況與大腸埃希菌相似，但對氟喹諾酮類耐藥率明顯低于大腸埃希菌，均低于15%。鮑曼不動桿菌對抗菌藥物耐藥率均較高，耐藥率小于30%的隻有有阿米卡星（23.4%）。銅綠假單胞菌對加酶抑製劑類、第4代頭孢類、環丙沙星等敏感性較高，對亞胺培南耐藥率是17%。葡萄毬菌屬未齣現耐藥的抗菌藥物有萬古黴素、利奈唑胺、呋喃妥因和替加環素。結論醫院主要是革蘭陰性菌感染，鮑曼不動桿菌耐藥性逐漸增彊，故應加彊細菌耐藥性鑑測，閤理使用抗菌藥物。
목적：료해의원감염병원균적분포급기내약성정황，위림상합리용약제공의거。방법대의원2013년소분리병원균적균군분포여내약성진행분석，병용WHONET 5.6연건진행통계。결과공분리출3016주치병균，기중이혁란음성균위주，대장애희균비례최고（21.44%）、기차시폐염극뢰백균（9.63%）、포만불동간균（8.88%）；혁란양성균중，이금황색포도구균최고（7.75%）。대장애희균대안변서림、제1대두포류내약솔교고(60%~90%)，대가매억제제β－내선알류교민감，대아미잡성、아알배남완전민감。폐염극뢰백균내약정황여대장애희균상사，단대불규낙동류내약솔명현저우대장애희균，균저우15%。포만불동간균대항균약물내약솔균교고，내약솔소우30%적지유유아미잡성（23.4%）。동록가단포균대가매억제제류、제4대두포류、배병사성등민감성교고，대아알배남내약솔시17%。포도구균속미출현내약적항균약물유만고매소、리내서알、부남타인화체가배소。결론의원주요시혁란음성균감염，포만불동간균내약성축점증강，고응가강세균내약성감측，합리사용항균약물。
Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacterial distribution and their drug resistance in our hospital to provide the basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods The flora distribution of isolated pathogenic bacteria during 2013 and their drug resistance were statistically analyzed by WHONET 5. 6 software. Results Among 3 016 isolated strains of pathogenic bacteria, the Gram-negative bac-teria were predominant, Escherichia coli had the highest proportion ( 21. 44%) , followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae ( 9. 63%) and Bauman Acinetobacter ( 8. 88% ); Staphylococcus aureus had the highest proportion ( 7. 75% ) in Gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli had higher resistance rate to ampicillin and first generation cephalosporins ( 60% -90%) , which was more sensitive to the β-lactam inhibitor and fully sensitive to amikacin and imipenem. The drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae was similar to that of Escherichia coli, but its resistance rate to fluoroquinolone was significantly lower than that of Escherichia coli and less than 15%. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to antimicrobial drugs was higher, but only which to amikacin was less than 30% ( 23. 4% ) . Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly sensitive to enzyme inhibitors, fourth generation cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin, the resistance rate to imipenem was 17%. Antibiotics without appearing resistant Staphylococcus were vancomycin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin and tigecycline. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are still main pathogenic bacteria in our hospital, the drug resistance of Bauman Acinetobacter is gradually in-creased. So the bacterial drug resistance monitoring should be strengthened and antimicrobial agents should be rationally used.
