中华肾脏病杂志
中華腎髒病雜誌
중화신장병잡지
2014年
12期
897-902
,共6页
周参新%蒋华%张萍%陈江华
週參新%蔣華%張萍%陳江華
주삼신%장화%장평%진강화
肾功能衰竭,慢性%血液透析%导管,留置%动静脉分流术
腎功能衰竭,慢性%血液透析%導管,留置%動靜脈分流術
신공능쇠갈,만성%혈액투석%도관,류치%동정맥분류술
Kidney failure,chronic%Hemodialysis%Catheters,indwelling%Arteriovenous shunt
目的:调查终末期肾病(ESRD)患者接受首次血液透析(HD)时血管通路的使用情况,以及各类血管通路的转归,为推进有计划地建立透析通路的事业提供依据。方法调查2009年1月至2011年12月在浙江大学医学院附属第一医院肾脏病中心进行首次HD的ESRD患者,统计他们在首次HD时使用的血管通路种类,并对各类透析通路的转归和替代治疗的方式转换做进一步分析。结果观察期内共836例首次HD的ESRD患者,其中男性510例,女性326例,平均年龄(49.77±17.65)岁。首位基础疾病为原发性肾小球疾病(72.73%),其次为糖尿病肾病(11.60%)和高血压肾小动脉硬化(3.95%)。首次HD时仅有73例(8.73%)患者使用动静脉内瘘(arteriovenous fistula,AVF),763例(91.27%)患者使用中心静脉导管。在开始透析后半年内有535例(81.5%)患者使用AVF,123例(18.5%)患者使用带袖套导管,54例患者接受了肾移植、55例患者转为腹膜透析。logistic回归分析提示男性、来自杭州市以外地区的患者以及开始HD时患者GFR小于5 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1均为首次HD时使用中心静脉导管的危险因素。结论 ESRD患者在开始HD时使用AVF的比例较低,但经过我们的努力大多数患者最终使用AVF作为维持性HD的长期血管通路。提高计划性通路建立的比例,增加开始HD时AVF的使用比例,仍是我们目前努力的方向和目标。
目的:調查終末期腎病(ESRD)患者接受首次血液透析(HD)時血管通路的使用情況,以及各類血管通路的轉歸,為推進有計劃地建立透析通路的事業提供依據。方法調查2009年1月至2011年12月在浙江大學醫學院附屬第一醫院腎髒病中心進行首次HD的ESRD患者,統計他們在首次HD時使用的血管通路種類,併對各類透析通路的轉歸和替代治療的方式轉換做進一步分析。結果觀察期內共836例首次HD的ESRD患者,其中男性510例,女性326例,平均年齡(49.77±17.65)歲。首位基礎疾病為原髮性腎小毬疾病(72.73%),其次為糖尿病腎病(11.60%)和高血壓腎小動脈硬化(3.95%)。首次HD時僅有73例(8.73%)患者使用動靜脈內瘺(arteriovenous fistula,AVF),763例(91.27%)患者使用中心靜脈導管。在開始透析後半年內有535例(81.5%)患者使用AVF,123例(18.5%)患者使用帶袖套導管,54例患者接受瞭腎移植、55例患者轉為腹膜透析。logistic迴歸分析提示男性、來自杭州市以外地區的患者以及開始HD時患者GFR小于5 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1均為首次HD時使用中心靜脈導管的危險因素。結論 ESRD患者在開始HD時使用AVF的比例較低,但經過我們的努力大多數患者最終使用AVF作為維持性HD的長期血管通路。提高計劃性通路建立的比例,增加開始HD時AVF的使用比例,仍是我們目前努力的方嚮和目標。
목적:조사종말기신병(ESRD)환자접수수차혈액투석(HD)시혈관통로적사용정황,이급각류혈관통로적전귀,위추진유계화지건립투석통로적사업제공의거。방법조사2009년1월지2011년12월재절강대학의학원부속제일의원신장병중심진행수차HD적ESRD환자,통계타문재수차HD시사용적혈관통로충류,병대각류투석통로적전귀화체대치료적방식전환주진일보분석。결과관찰기내공836례수차HD적ESRD환자,기중남성510례,녀성326례,평균년령(49.77±17.65)세。수위기출질병위원발성신소구질병(72.73%),기차위당뇨병신병(11.60%)화고혈압신소동맥경화(3.95%)。수차HD시부유73례(8.73%)환자사용동정맥내루(arteriovenous fistula,AVF),763례(91.27%)환자사용중심정맥도관。재개시투석후반년내유535례(81.5%)환자사용AVF,123례(18.5%)환자사용대수투도관,54례환자접수료신이식、55례환자전위복막투석。logistic회귀분석제시남성、래자항주시이외지구적환자이급개시HD시환자GFR소우5 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1균위수차HD시사용중심정맥도관적위험인소。결론 ESRD환자재개시HD시사용AVF적비례교저,단경과아문적노력대다수환자최종사용AVF작위유지성HD적장기혈관통로。제고계화성통로건립적비례,증가개시HD시AVF적사용비례,잉시아문목전노력적방향화목표。
Objective To investigate the types and outcome of vascular access in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) initiated hemodialysis (HD), and provide the basis for advancing the proportion of planned HD with arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Methods Clinical data, vascular access types at the initiation of HD, the outcomes of all types of dialysis access and the conversion of renal replacement therapy of ESRD patients who initiated HD in the first affiliated hospital of zhejiang university between January 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively studied. Results A total of 836 patients were included in our study. Among them 510 were males and 326 were females. The average age was (49.77 ± 17.65) years old. The major primary diseases were primary glomerular disease (72.73%), diabetic nephropathy (11.60%)and hypertensive nephrosclerosis (3.95%). Only 73 patients (8.73%) used AVF as the vascular access at the initiation of HD, another 763 patients (91.27%) used central venous catheter. Six months after the start of dialysis, 542 patients (81.5%) had used AVF as permanent vascular access, 123 patients (18.5%)had used the tunneled cuffed catheter, 54 patients had received a transplant and 55 patients had converted to peritoneal dialysis. The results of logistic regression analysis suggested that being male, patients from outside hangzhou and patients whose glomerular filtration rate were lower than 5 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 were the risk factors of using central venous catheters at the initiation of HD. Conclusions Only a minority of patients used AVF at the initiation of HD, but most of the other patients switched to AVF within the following six months. Increasing the proportion of AVF as the vascular access of planned HD is still our current goal.