CAJ | 학술논문

为提高PDC钻头在研磨性硬地层中的机械钻速、延长钻头寿命，研制了特种孕镶块加强PDC钻头。该钻头以PDC切削齿为主切削元件，天然金刚石孕镶块为副切削元件，既具有常规PDC钻头破岩效率较高的特点，又具有孕镶金刚石钻头在研磨性硬地层寿命长的特点。在钻头开始工作时，主要为 PDC切削齿“犁切”式破岩，当PDC切削齿磨损到一定程度后，天然金刚石开始磨削岩石，形成“犁沟”，有助于 PDC切削齿吃入并切削岩石。该钻头在东北金山气田金古11HF水平井基底花岗岩硬地层进行了现场试验，平均机械钻速达到4.46 m／h ，是同井同地层常规PDC钻头机械钻速的1.5倍，是2口邻井同井段牙轮钻头和常规PDC钻头机械钻速的2倍以上，其使用寿命也达到2口邻井同井段牙轮钻头和常规PDC钻头的2倍以上，取得了良好的现场应用效果。特种孕镶块加强PDC钻头的成功研制，为钻进强研磨性硬地层提供了一种新的高效破岩工具。
위제고PDC찬두재연마성경지층중적궤계찬속、연장찬두수명，연제료특충잉양괴가강PDC찬두。해찬두이PDC절삭치위주절삭원건，천연금강석잉양괴위부절삭원건，기구유상규PDC찬두파암효솔교고적특점，우구유잉양금강석찬두재연마성경지층수명장적특점。재찬두개시공작시，주요위 PDC절삭치“리절”식파암，당PDC절삭치마손도일정정도후，천연금강석개시마삭암석，형성“리구”，유조우 PDC절삭치흘입병절삭암석。해찬두재동북금산기전금고11HF수평정기저화강암경지층진행료현장시험，평균궤계찬속체도4.46 m／h ，시동정동지층상규PDC찬두궤계찬속적1.5배，시2구린정동정단아륜찬두화상규PDC찬두궤계찬속적2배이상，기사용수명야체도2구린정동정단아륜찬두화상규PDC찬두적2배이상，취득료량호적현장응용효과。특충잉양괴가강PDC찬두적성공연제，위찬진강연마성경지층제공료일충신적고효파암공구。
To further enhance the rate of penetration and life of a PDC bit in abrasive and hard formations ,a new type of PDC bit enhanced by a special diamond‐impregnated section was developed .It adopted PDC cutting teeth as the main component and the impregnated natural diamond as subsidiary parts .At the beginning of drilling , the bit breaks rock mainly in the form of“Plough Cutting”by the teeth ,but the natural diamonds start to grind the formations into“Plough Furrows”after the teeth have been worn to a certain degree ,which allows the teeth to pene‐trate the formations and cut them efficiently .This kind of bit combined PDC composite cutting teeth with diamond‐impregnated segment ,possess the properties of high formation cutting efficiency and long life w hich is necessary for abrasive and hard formations .The application in the deep hard granite formation of horizontal well Jingu 1 1HF in North‐East Jinshan gas field indicated that the average ROP was 4.46 m/h ,which was 1.5 times of the ROP got by regular PDC bit in the same formation ,and more than 2 times of that produced by roller bit and PDC bit in the same formation of two offset wells ,proving it has very good potential for application .The successful development of the new diamond‐impregnated PDC bit could provide new rock crushing tools with high efficiency for drilling ab‐rasive and hard formations .