CAJ | 학술논문

生物炭基肥料的研制是生物炭在农业应用中的重要方向。通过温室盆栽试验,研究了添加不同数量生物炭制作的肥料施入土壤中对小麦生长发育及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,(1)小麦生育期内,施用生物炭占辅料75%及以上的处理( NPB3、 NPB4)较对照处理均显著提高小麦地上部干重、地下部干重、总干重,其中辅料100%为生物炭(NPB4)的处理均达到显著水平,但各处理对小麦千粒重没有显著影响；(2)生物炭基肥料显著提高了小麦对N、 P的吸收,提高幅度顺序为 NPB4>NPB3>NPB2>NPB1>CK,其中小麦 N吸收平均提高了19．07%, P吸收平均提高了15．00%；(3)土壤中有机质含量表现为NPB4>NPB3>NPB2>NPB1>CK,且与生物炭添加量呈显著正相关(p<0．05)；(4)土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量大多呈先降低后升高的趋势,表明生物炭基肥料可持续供给小麦在生长后期对土壤中养分的需求。
생물탄기비료적연제시생물탄재농업응용중적중요방향。통과온실분재시험,연구료첨가불동수량생물탄제작적비료시입토양중대소맥생장발육급토양비력적영향。결과표명,(1)소맥생육기내,시용생물탄점보료75%급이상적처리( NPB3、 NPB4)교대조처리균현저제고소맥지상부간중、지하부간중、총간중,기중보료100%위생물탄(NPB4)적처리균체도현저수평,단각처리대소맥천립중몰유현저영향；(2)생물탄기비료현저제고료소맥대N、 P적흡수,제고폭도순서위 NPB4>NPB3>NPB2>NPB1>CK,기중소맥 N흡수평균제고료19．07%, P흡수평균제고료15．00%；(3)토양중유궤질함량표현위NPB4>NPB3>NPB2>NPB1>CK,차여생물탄첨가량정현저정상관(p<0．05)；(4)토양감해담화유효린함량대다정선강저후승고적추세,표명생물탄기비료가지속공급소맥재생장후기대토양중양분적수구。
The development of biochar-based fertilizer is an important research area of biochar applications in agriculture. A pot trial in greenhouse was adopted to study the effects of the fertilizer containing different quantities of biochar on wheat growth and soil fertility. It was shown that (1) In wheat growth periods, the application of biochar-based fertilizers which the biochar content were more than 70% fertilizer accessories significantly increased the shoot dry weight, the root dry weight and the total dry weight of wheat, especially in the 100% content biochar treatment NPB4. However, the application of biochar-based fer-tilizer had no significant effect on the 1 000-grain weight of wheat. (2) The biochar-based fertilizer significantly improved the absorption of nitrogen ( N) , phosphorus ( P) in wheat by an average of 19. 07% and 15% respectively, in the order of NPB4> NPB3> NPB2>NPB1>CK. (3) The order of the content of soil organic matter was NPB4>NPB3>NPB2>NPB1>CK, which had a significant positive correlation with the added amounts of biochar (p<0. 05). (4) The contents of soil available N and available P mostly went down at first and then increased again, which indicated that the biochar-based fertilizer could continuously supply nutrients to wheat in the late stages of wheat growth.