CAJ | 학술논문

施用氮素是甘蔗产量的重要保证，目前氮肥的过量施用已经成为阻碍我国甘蔗产业发展的主要限制因子之一，高氮肥的施用不仅增加了甘蔗生产成本，还造成了环境污染和土壤酸化。如何在持续提高甘蔗产量的同时，控制或降低氮肥的施用量，减少因氮肥过量施用带来的甘蔗生产成本上涨和环境污染，已经成为我国甘蔗产业面临的重要科学问题。本文主要从甘蔗氮素利用的生理机制，甘蔗氮素在各器官的分布特征，参与甘蔗氮素吸收、同化、运输相关酶的生理特性等方面介绍了甘蔗氮素生理研究进展，以期为提高甘蔗氮素利用效率及甘蔗氮肥高效管理提供理论依据。
시용담소시감자산량적중요보증，목전담비적과량시용이경성위조애아국감자산업발전적주요한제인자지일，고담비적시용불부증가료감자생산성본，환조성료배경오염화토양산화。여하재지속제고감자산량적동시，공제혹강저담비적시용량，감소인담비과량시용대래적감자생산성본상창화배경오염，이경성위아국감자산업면림적중요과학문제。본문주요종감자담소이용적생리궤제，감자담소재각기관적분포특정，삼여감자담소흡수、동화、운수상관매적생리특성등방면개소료감자담소생리연구진전，이기위제고감자담소이용효솔급감자담비고효관리제공이론의거。
Nitrogen ( N) , which mostly derived from soil are essential nutrients for sugarcane productivity. Excessive applica-tion of nitrogen fertilizer has become one of the major limiting factors affecting the development of sugarcane industry, and might cause environmental pollution and soil acidification. Sustainable production is now a focus of sugarcane agronomy and breeding. Developing improved nitrogen use efficiency ( NUE) is targeted as one way to maximize yields in low-input agronomic systems. Additionally, improved NUE may minimize the detrimental effects of N as a pollutant in water and air under high input agro-nomic systems. How to control or reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer with increasing sugarcane production to reduce the cost and environmental pollution has become an important scientific problems facing sugarcane industry. In this article, the de-velopment of nitrogen physiology in sugarcane, including microbial assessment for sugarcane nitrogen acquisition, the relation-ship between nitrogen acquisition and sugarcane productivity, the function of enzymes in the process of nitrogen acquisition, assimilation and transportation were summarized and could be used to provide references for improving nitrogen fertilizer use effi-ciency in commercial sugarcane system.