CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解新疆维吾尔族儿童腹股沟斜疝的流行病学特征及危险因素。方法采用普查方式，对新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、喀什地区、和田地区、吐鲁番地区的24所幼儿园、18所小学及9所初中儿童进行医学体检，对患有腹股沟斜疝和曾做过斜疝手术的儿童进行问卷登记调查，设立对照组，分析发病危险因素。结果查体4～14岁的儿童19132例，其中男9670例，女9462例，总计患儿498例，其中男368例，女130例，男性患病率3．81％，女性患病率1．37％；平均患病率为2．60％，男童患病率高于女童，二者之间差异有统计学意义（χ2＝111．543，P＝0．000）；男女发病年龄比较，男童发病年龄早于女童，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝17．33，P＝0．001）；各地区间因地理环境不同，患病率有差异，尤其是吐鲁番地区患病率达4．25％，高于其他地区，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝75．347，P＝0．000）；病例组中有家族史的患病率为38．2％；有啼哭史的病例患病率为42．4％，母亲怀孕及患儿有被动吸烟史的接受概率为45．1％，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＝0．000）。结论维吾尔族儿童腹股沟斜疝患病率男性高于女性，男性发病年龄早于女性，吐鲁番地区的患病率高于其他地区，家族史、啼哭史及被动吸烟史是儿童腹股沟斜疝发生的主要危险因素，维吾尔族儿童疝患病率高于其他少数民族及全国平均水平。
목적：료해신강유오이족인동복고구사산적류행병학특정급위험인소。방법채용보사방식，대신강유오이자치구오로목제시、극랍마의시、객십지구、화전지구、토로번지구적24소유인완、18소소학급9소초중인동진행의학체검，대환유복고구사산화증주과사산수술적인동진행문권등기조사，설립대조조，분석발병위험인소。결과사체4～14세적인동19132례，기중남9670례，녀9462례，총계환인498례，기중남368례，녀130례，남성환병솔3．81％，녀성환병솔1．37％；평균환병솔위2．60％，남동환병솔고우녀동，이자지간차이유통계학의의（χ2＝111．543，P＝0．000）；남녀발병년령비교，남동발병년령조우녀동，차이유통계학의의（χ2＝17．33，P＝0．001）；각지구간인지리배경불동，환병솔유차이，우기시토로번지구환병솔체4．25％，고우기타지구，차이유통계학의의（χ2＝75．347，P＝0．000）；병례조중유가족사적환병솔위38．2％；유제곡사적병례환병솔위42．4％，모친부잉급환인유피동흡연사적접수개솔위45．1％，여대조조비교，차이유통계학의의（P＝0．000）。결론유오이족인동복고구사산환병솔남성고우녀성，남성발병년령조우녀성，토로번지구적환병솔고우기타지구，가족사、제곡사급피동흡연사시인동복고구사산발생적주요위험인소，유오이족인동산환병솔고우기타소수민족급전국평균수평。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of pediatric inguinal hernia in Xinjiang Uyghur. Methods A survey study was conducted for children in 24 kindergartens,8 primary schools and 9 junior middle school from Urumqi,Karamay,Kashgar,Hotan, and Turpan region.After medical examination,the children with indirect inguinal hernia or those had hernia repaired before,were enrolled in a questionnaire investigation.And a control group was established to identical the risk factors for this disease.Results 1 9 1 32 children aged from 4 to 1 4 years old (9 670 male and 9 462 female)were examined.A total of 498 cases were detected,including 368 in male and 1 30 in female,with the prevalence rate of 3.81% and 1 .37%,respectively.The mean prevalence rate was 2.60%;and it was significantly higher in male than that in female (χ2 =1 1 1 .543,P=0.001 ).When comparing the age of onset,the males were earlier than the females,and this difference did reach statistical significance (χ2 =1 7.33,P=0.001 ).The prevalence rate was also varying between the regions due to different geographical environment;particularly,it was up to 4.25% in Turpan,which was obvious higher than other regions (χ2 =75.347,P=0.000).Children with a family history,had a high incidence of 38.3%;when those with crying history, was 42.4%;when children had passive smoking history themselves,or even in mother′s pregnancy,the incidence could reach 45 .1%.These were significantly different compared with the control group (P=0.000).Conclusions The prevalence of inguinal hernia in Uyghur children,is higher in males than in females.The male children have an earlier age of onset than the females.Turpan has the highest prevalence rate.History of family,crying and passive smoking are the major risk factors for pediatric inguinal hernia.The prevalence rate of hernia in pediatric Uyghur is found to be higher than other ethnic minorities,and is also higher than the national average level.