干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
6期
195-200,235
,共7页
生产水足迹%农作物%蓝水%绿水%灰水%彭曼公式%新疆
生產水足跡%農作物%藍水%綠水%灰水%彭曼公式%新疆
생산수족적%농작물%람수%록수%회수%팽만공식%신강
water footprint of production%crop%blue water%green water%grey water%Penman Equation%Xinjiang
从农作物生产水足迹角度出发,基于彭曼公式结合CROPWAT软件计算,分析了2011年新疆13个地(州)主要农作物的生产水足迹情况。结果表明:新疆地区棉花的单位面积及单位质量需水量分别为8650 m3· hm-2、4.82 m3·kg-1,均大于小麦和玉米的需水量,是三种农作物中最耗水的作物;新疆主要农作物需水以蓝水为主,其中棉花的蓝水比重最高达93.31%,南疆地区蓝水利用量最大;2011年新疆全区主要农作物生产水足迹为2049.31×107m3,其中蓝水足迹为1651.65×107m3,绿水足迹为186.88×107m3,灰水足迹为210.78×107m3;巴州、阿克苏、喀什地区的作物生产水足迹总量较大,是水资源治理的主要地区。对于水资源缺乏的新疆地区,合理调整农作物的种植结构及减少化肥施用量,是落实最严格水资源管理制度的有效措施。
從農作物生產水足跡角度齣髮,基于彭曼公式結閤CROPWAT軟件計算,分析瞭2011年新疆13箇地(州)主要農作物的生產水足跡情況。結果錶明:新疆地區棉花的單位麵積及單位質量需水量分彆為8650 m3· hm-2、4.82 m3·kg-1,均大于小麥和玉米的需水量,是三種農作物中最耗水的作物;新疆主要農作物需水以藍水為主,其中棉花的藍水比重最高達93.31%,南疆地區藍水利用量最大;2011年新疆全區主要農作物生產水足跡為2049.31×107m3,其中藍水足跡為1651.65×107m3,綠水足跡為186.88×107m3,灰水足跡為210.78×107m3;巴州、阿剋囌、喀什地區的作物生產水足跡總量較大,是水資源治理的主要地區。對于水資源缺乏的新疆地區,閤理調整農作物的種植結構及減少化肥施用量,是落實最嚴格水資源管理製度的有效措施。
종농작물생산수족적각도출발,기우팽만공식결합CROPWAT연건계산,분석료2011년신강13개지(주)주요농작물적생산수족적정황。결과표명:신강지구면화적단위면적급단위질량수수량분별위8650 m3· hm-2、4.82 m3·kg-1,균대우소맥화옥미적수수량,시삼충농작물중최모수적작물;신강주요농작물수수이람수위주,기중면화적람수비중최고체93.31%,남강지구람수이용량최대;2011년신강전구주요농작물생산수족적위2049.31×107m3,기중람수족적위1651.65×107m3,록수족적위186.88×107m3,회수족적위210.78×107m3;파주、아극소、객십지구적작물생산수족적총량교대,시수자원치리적주요지구。대우수자원결핍적신강지구,합리조정농작물적충식결구급감소화비시용량,시락실최엄격수자원관리제도적유효조시。
From the perspective of water footprint of crop production ,based on Penman Equation and CROPWAT software ,was analyzed the water footprint of major crops production in 13 regions of Xinjiang in 2011 . The results showed that:The cotton water requirements per unit area and unit mass were 8 650 m3·hm-2 and 4 .82 m3·kg-1 ,re-spectively ,which is total large than the water requirements of wheat and corn ,it is the maximal water consumption crop among the three crops .The water requirements of major crops in Xinjiang were mainly relied on blue water .Among them ,the proportion of blue water for cotton was the highest ,reached 93 .31% ,the maximal use of blue water was in the southern areas of Xinjiang .Meanwhile ,the water footprint of major crops in whole Xinjiang was 2 049 .31 × 107 m3 in 2011 ,among them ,the blue water footprint was 1 651 .65 × 107 m3 ,green water footprint was 186 .88 × 107 m3 ,and grey water footprint was 210 .78 × 107 m3 .The total amount of water footprint of crop production in Bazhou ,Aksu ,Kash-gar was bigger ,which were the main regions for water resources control and government .So for the Xinjiang with water resources shortage ,reasonably adjust the agricultural crop planting structure and reduce the application of chemical fertil-izer ,it is an effective measure to carry out the strictest water resources management institution .