干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
6期
165-170
,共6页
阎晓光%李洪%王青水%董红芬%李爱军
閻曉光%李洪%王青水%董紅芬%李愛軍
염효광%리홍%왕청수%동홍분%리애군
春玉米%深松时期%土壤水分%产量%水分利用效率
春玉米%深鬆時期%土壤水分%產量%水分利用效率
춘옥미%심송시기%토양수분%산량%수분이용효솔
spring corn%subsoiling timing%soil moisture%grain yield%water use efficiency
于2010—2012年在晋东南旱平地设置了春季深松、夏季深松和秋季深松3种深松处理试验,以传统翻耕为对照,研究不同处理对春玉米耗水量、干物质积累与分配、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,秋季深松处理的总耗水量最高,春季深松处理次之,且两者与传统翻耕(对照)差异均显著,表明春季和秋季深松后春玉米的总耗水量增加。夏季深松总耗水量低于对照处理,这是因为夏季深松后,对玉米根系造成一定程度的伤害。在春玉米生育后期,秋季深松和春季深松能有效促进干物质积累,增加春玉米生物干重,提高作物产量。2011年秋季深松处理的产量和水分利用效率最高,且显著高于其它处理,分别比传统深翻(对照)提高13.61%和10.26%,春季深松处理次之,分别比对照提高10.32%和7.62%,夏季深松处理低于传统深翻(对照),且分别比对照降低3.95%和1.82%,表明秋季深松和春季深松有利于产量的提高和水分的高效利用。
于2010—2012年在晉東南旱平地設置瞭春季深鬆、夏季深鬆和鞦季深鬆3種深鬆處理試驗,以傳統翻耕為對照,研究不同處理對春玉米耗水量、榦物質積纍與分配、產量和水分利用效率的影響。結果錶明,鞦季深鬆處理的總耗水量最高,春季深鬆處理次之,且兩者與傳統翻耕(對照)差異均顯著,錶明春季和鞦季深鬆後春玉米的總耗水量增加。夏季深鬆總耗水量低于對照處理,這是因為夏季深鬆後,對玉米根繫造成一定程度的傷害。在春玉米生育後期,鞦季深鬆和春季深鬆能有效促進榦物質積纍,增加春玉米生物榦重,提高作物產量。2011年鞦季深鬆處理的產量和水分利用效率最高,且顯著高于其它處理,分彆比傳統深翻(對照)提高13.61%和10.26%,春季深鬆處理次之,分彆比對照提高10.32%和7.62%,夏季深鬆處理低于傳統深翻(對照),且分彆比對照降低3.95%和1.82%,錶明鞦季深鬆和春季深鬆有利于產量的提高和水分的高效利用。
우2010—2012년재진동남한평지설치료춘계심송、하계심송화추계심송3충심송처리시험,이전통번경위대조,연구불동처리대춘옥미모수량、간물질적루여분배、산량화수분이용효솔적영향。결과표명,추계심송처리적총모수량최고,춘계심송처리차지,차량자여전통번경(대조)차이균현저,표명춘계화추계심송후춘옥미적총모수량증가。하계심송총모수량저우대조처리,저시인위하계심송후,대옥미근계조성일정정도적상해。재춘옥미생육후기,추계심송화춘계심송능유효촉진간물질적루,증가춘옥미생물간중,제고작물산량。2011년추계심송처리적산량화수분이용효솔최고,차현저고우기타처리,분별비전통심번(대조)제고13.61%화10.26%,춘계심송처리차지,분별비대조제고10.32%화7.62%,하계심송처리저우전통심번(대조),차분별비대조강저3.95%화1.82%,표명추계심송화춘계심송유리우산량적제고화수분적고효이용。
This experiment was conducted on drought plain in southeastern Shanxi during spring corn growing sea-sons in 2010—2012 .Water consumption ,dry matter accumulation and partitioning ,grain yield ,and water use efficiency of spring corn were analyzed using four subsoiling periods ,including subsoiling in spring(RS1) ,subsoiling in summer (RS2 ) ,subsoiling in autumn (RS3 ) ,and plowing tillage (CK ) .The results showed that RS3 had the highest total water consumption ,followed by RS1 ,indicating that total water consumption was markedly increased by spring and autumn subsoiling .By contrast ,that of RS2 was lower than CK ,partially due to the injured root by summer subsoiling .In the late growth stage of spring corn ,RS3 and RS1 can effectively promote the dry matter accumulation ,increasing the spring corn biomass and improving crop yield .In 2011 ,RS3 obtained the highest grain yield and water use efficiency ,being 13 .61% and 10 .26% higher than CK ,respectively .And RS1 caused 10 .32% and 7 .62% increase respectively .In contrast ,RS2 resulted in a reduction of 3 .95% and 1 .82% as compared to CK ,respectively .This finding illustrated that RS3 and RS1 had favorable effects of improving grain yield and water use efficiency .