干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
6期
125-133
,共9页
玉米%最适密度%全膜双垄沟播%产量%植株性状
玉米%最適密度%全膜雙壟溝播%產量%植株性狀
옥미%최괄밀도%전막쌍롱구파%산량%식주성상
maize%optimum density%all-film double-furrow%yield%plant characters
通过在全膜双垄沟播技术模式下6个耐密型玉米杂交种不同密度（4．5、5．25、6．0、6．75、7．5万株· hm－2）的试验，研究了玉米产量及其性状与种植密度的关系。在本文研究密度范围内，玉米的产量随着密度的增加而增高；当密度达到一定程度之后，随着密度的增加，产量反而下降，二者呈二次曲线模式变化 Y＝－6417．314＋5501．842 X－396．330 X2。结果表明，6个耐密型玉米杂交种在双垄全膜沟播技术模式下最佳密度为6．941万株· hm－2。此密度下各植株性状指标为：穗粒数为499．9粒、百粒重为38．63 g、出籽率为83．71％、穗长为17．5 cm、株高194 cm、茎粗2．14 cm、秃顶长1 cm。株高与密度之间为正相关，函数曲线是幂模型 Y＝140．607 X0．16602，穗粒数、穗粗、茎粗、出籽率4个性状与密度之间为负相关，函数模型均为性状指标随密度的增加而减少的三次曲线。秃顶长、穗长、百粒重与密度的关系呈二次曲线模式变化。密度与秃顶长之间为正相关，与穗长、百粒重之间为负相关。秃顶长随着密度的增大而增加；穗长、百粒重随密度的增加而呈单边下降的变化趋势。穗位高与密度的相关不显著。
通過在全膜雙壟溝播技術模式下6箇耐密型玉米雜交種不同密度（4．5、5．25、6．0、6．75、7．5萬株· hm－2）的試驗，研究瞭玉米產量及其性狀與種植密度的關繫。在本文研究密度範圍內，玉米的產量隨著密度的增加而增高；噹密度達到一定程度之後，隨著密度的增加，產量反而下降，二者呈二次麯線模式變化 Y＝－6417．314＋5501．842 X－396．330 X2。結果錶明，6箇耐密型玉米雜交種在雙壟全膜溝播技術模式下最佳密度為6．941萬株· hm－2。此密度下各植株性狀指標為：穗粒數為499．9粒、百粒重為38．63 g、齣籽率為83．71％、穗長為17．5 cm、株高194 cm、莖粗2．14 cm、禿頂長1 cm。株高與密度之間為正相關，函數麯線是冪模型 Y＝140．607 X0．16602，穗粒數、穗粗、莖粗、齣籽率4箇性狀與密度之間為負相關，函數模型均為性狀指標隨密度的增加而減少的三次麯線。禿頂長、穗長、百粒重與密度的關繫呈二次麯線模式變化。密度與禿頂長之間為正相關，與穗長、百粒重之間為負相關。禿頂長隨著密度的增大而增加；穗長、百粒重隨密度的增加而呈單邊下降的變化趨勢。穗位高與密度的相關不顯著。
통과재전막쌍롱구파기술모식하6개내밀형옥미잡교충불동밀도（4．5、5．25、6．0、6．75、7．5만주· hm－2）적시험，연구료옥미산량급기성상여충식밀도적관계。재본문연구밀도범위내，옥미적산량수착밀도적증가이증고；당밀도체도일정정도지후，수착밀도적증가，산량반이하강，이자정이차곡선모식변화 Y＝－6417．314＋5501．842 X－396．330 X2。결과표명，6개내밀형옥미잡교충재쌍롱전막구파기술모식하최가밀도위6．941만주· hm－2。차밀도하각식주성상지표위：수립수위499．9립、백립중위38．63 g、출자솔위83．71％、수장위17．5 cm、주고194 cm、경조2．14 cm、독정장1 cm。주고여밀도지간위정상관，함수곡선시멱모형 Y＝140．607 X0．16602，수립수、수조、경조、출자솔4개성상여밀도지간위부상관，함수모형균위성상지표수밀도적증가이감소적삼차곡선。독정장、수장、백립중여밀도적관계정이차곡선모식변화。밀도여독정장지간위정상관，여수장、백립중지간위부상관。독정장수착밀도적증대이증가；수장、백립중수밀도적증가이정단변하강적변화추세。수위고여밀도적상관불현저。
By means of membrane double ditch technology pattern ,an experiment of different densities in six dense resistance types of maize hybrids was carried out to study the relationship between production and its character and the plant density .Within the scope of density in this paper ,the production of maize increased with the increase of density . When the density reaches to a certain extent ,the production decreased with the increase of density instead ,and both pre-sent a conic model Y= -6417 .314+5501 .842 X -396 .330 X2 .The result shows that the optimum density of the six dense resistant types of maize hybrids in membrane doubles ditch technology pattern is 6 .941 × 104 strain·hm-2 .Under this density ,each plant trait indicators are:grain number per spike is 499 .9 kernels ,100-grain weight is 38 .63 g ,the rate of seed is 83 .71% ,the length of ear is 17 .5 cm ,the height of plant is 194 cm ,the diameter of stem is 2 .14 cm and the length of bald head is 1cm .It presents a positive correlation between plant height and density ,the function curve is power law model Y=140 .607 X0 .16602 .There is a negative correlation between density and the four traits of grain num-bers per spike ,the diameter of the grain ,the diameter of stem and the rate of seed ,its function model are all cubic curve in which the trait indicators decreased with the increase of density .It presents a conic model between density and the length of bald head ,the length of ear and 100-grain weight .There is a positive correlation between density and bald head ,and a negative correlation between the length of ear and 100-grain weight .The length of bald head increased with the increase of density .The length of ear and 100-grain weight presents a unilateral decline trend .The test also showed that there is no significant correlation between ear height and density .
