干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
6期
106-111
,共6页
屠宰场废弃物%堆肥%施用量%苜蓿%生物量%碱化土壤%肥力指标%微生物数量
屠宰場廢棄物%堆肥%施用量%苜蓿%生物量%堿化土壤%肥力指標%微生物數量
도재장폐기물%퇴비%시용량%목숙%생물량%감화토양%비력지표%미생물수량
slaughterhouse waste%composting%applied rate%alfalfa%biomass%alkaline soil%fertility index%micro-bial biomass
对屠宰场猪、牛、羊废弃物堆肥施入退化土壤后作物生理指标、土壤肥力指标和微生物区系变化进行系统研究。结果表明:施用废弃物堆肥明显提高了苜蓿出苗率,并缩短了出苗时间,但不同种类、不同施用量(22.5 t·hm-2、30.0 t·hm-2和37.5 t·hm-2)废弃物提高的幅度不同。苜蓿鲜生物量随着废弃物施用量的增大而增加,其中羊废弃物施用量为37.5 t· hm-2的处理最大,为11.95 g · plant-1,不施用废弃物的处理鲜生物量最小,其最大值为10.26 g·plant-1;施用猪废弃物30.0 t·hm-2的处理其干生物量最高(3.91 g·plant-1)。施用屠宰场废弃物堆肥后土壤有机质及养分都有不同程度的增加,如10月中旬土壤有机质和速效钾含量增幅略低,分别为9.92%~27.12%和5.77%~34.03%,碱解氮和速效磷增幅分别为11.79%~47.66%和16.92%~44.97%。猪废弃物施用量为37.5 t·hm-2的处理细菌数量在8月底达到3.98×107 cfu·g-1,羊和牛废弃物相同时期相同用量条件下细菌数量相近,一般废弃物施用量越大土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量也越多。
對屠宰場豬、牛、羊廢棄物堆肥施入退化土壤後作物生理指標、土壤肥力指標和微生物區繫變化進行繫統研究。結果錶明:施用廢棄物堆肥明顯提高瞭苜蓿齣苗率,併縮短瞭齣苗時間,但不同種類、不同施用量(22.5 t·hm-2、30.0 t·hm-2和37.5 t·hm-2)廢棄物提高的幅度不同。苜蓿鮮生物量隨著廢棄物施用量的增大而增加,其中羊廢棄物施用量為37.5 t· hm-2的處理最大,為11.95 g · plant-1,不施用廢棄物的處理鮮生物量最小,其最大值為10.26 g·plant-1;施用豬廢棄物30.0 t·hm-2的處理其榦生物量最高(3.91 g·plant-1)。施用屠宰場廢棄物堆肥後土壤有機質及養分都有不同程度的增加,如10月中旬土壤有機質和速效鉀含量增幅略低,分彆為9.92%~27.12%和5.77%~34.03%,堿解氮和速效燐增幅分彆為11.79%~47.66%和16.92%~44.97%。豬廢棄物施用量為37.5 t·hm-2的處理細菌數量在8月底達到3.98×107 cfu·g-1,羊和牛廢棄物相同時期相同用量條件下細菌數量相近,一般廢棄物施用量越大土壤中細菌、真菌和放線菌數量也越多。
대도재장저、우、양폐기물퇴비시입퇴화토양후작물생리지표、토양비력지표화미생물구계변화진행계통연구。결과표명:시용폐기물퇴비명현제고료목숙출묘솔,병축단료출묘시간,단불동충류、불동시용량(22.5 t·hm-2、30.0 t·hm-2화37.5 t·hm-2)폐기물제고적폭도불동。목숙선생물량수착폐기물시용량적증대이증가,기중양폐기물시용량위37.5 t· hm-2적처리최대,위11.95 g · plant-1,불시용폐기물적처리선생물량최소,기최대치위10.26 g·plant-1;시용저폐기물30.0 t·hm-2적처리기간생물량최고(3.91 g·plant-1)。시용도재장폐기물퇴비후토양유궤질급양분도유불동정도적증가,여10월중순토양유궤질화속효갑함량증폭략저,분별위9.92%~27.12%화5.77%~34.03%,감해담화속효린증폭분별위11.79%~47.66%화16.92%~44.97%。저폐기물시용량위37.5 t·hm-2적처리세균수량재8월저체도3.98×107 cfu·g-1,양화우폐기물상동시기상동용량조건하세균수량상근,일반폐기물시용량월대토양중세균、진균화방선균수량야월다。
Continued growth in meat consumption means that slaughterhouse waste is increasing in amount .Com-posting is harmless ,economic and effective way to dispose of organic solid waste .In this paper ,the growth parameters of alfalfa ,fertility index and microbial populations of degeneration soil were systematic studied with the application of pig , cattle and sheep slaughterhouse waste .The results showed increased emergence rate and shorten germination duration when compost applied ,but it varied with kind of livestock and rate of composts .Fresh biomass of alfalfa increased with the application rate ,being highest (11 .95 g·plant-1 ) at 37 .5 t·hm-2 of sheep slaughterhouse waste ,and being lowest CK treatment .Slaughterhouse waste increased soil organic matter and nutrients ,but the degree varied with soil nutrients . For soil organic matter and available potassium ,they were increased by the range were 9 .92% ~27 .12% and 5 .77% ~34 .03% ,while for available nitrogen and available phosphorus , they were elevated by a larger range of 11 .79% ~47 .66% and 16 .92% ~44 .97% ,respectively .Applied rate 37 .5 t· hm-2 of pig slaughterhouse waste resulted in the largest amount of soil bacteria in August ,being 3 .98 × 107 cfu·g-1 .The results can build a theoretical foundation for u-tilization of slaughterhouse waste .