CAJ | 학술논문

为了量化驾驶人群体危险感知的差异性并指出差异性的原因所在，对驾驶人危险感知进行建模与实验测试分析．借鉴污染环境下生物种群生存这一自然现象，构建了驾驶人危险感知模型，通过实验测试了驾驶人在不同交通场景的危险识别时间与反应时间．模型分析与实验结果表明，驾驶人危险感知阈限值与交通情境危险输入的速率负相关，与驾驶人正确反应率和危险识别率正相关．不同危险程度的交通场景对驾驶人危险感知的总反应时间和识别时间具有显著影响（p＜0．001）；驾驶经验对驾驶人危险识别时间没有显著影响（p＝0．080），但是对危险的反应时间具有显著影响（p＝0．003）．熟练驾驶人相比非熟练驾驶人具有较高的危险感知水平，这种差异性主要体现在熟练驾驶人能够更快速准确地预测评估交通情境中的危险并进行合理判断．
위료양화가사인군체위험감지적차이성병지출차이성적원인소재，대가사인위험감지진행건모여실험측시분석．차감오염배경하생물충군생존저일자연현상，구건료가사인위험감지모형，통과실험측시료가사인재불동교통장경적위험식별시간여반응시간．모형분석여실험결과표명，가사인위험감지역한치여교통정경위험수입적속솔부상관，여가사인정학반응솔화위험식별솔정상관．불동위험정도적교통장경대가사인위험감지적총반응시간화식별시간구유현저영향（p＜0．001）；가사경험대가사인위험식별시간몰유현저영향（p＝0．080），단시대위험적반응시간구유현저영향（p＝0．003）．숙련가사인상비비숙련가사인구유교고적위험감지수평，저충차이성주요체현재숙련가사인능구경쾌속준학지예측평고교통정경중적위험병진행합리판단．
To quantify the difference of drivers' hazard perception and point out the causes of the difference,drivers' hazard perception was modeled and tested by experiments.The hazard percep-tion model was built based on the natural phenomena of biological population surviving in pollution environments.The hazard detection time and hazard reaction time were tested in different traffic situ-ations.The model analysis and experimental results show that drivers' hazard perception threshold limit value is negatively affected by the input rate of traffic situation dangers and positively affected by drivers' correct reaction ratios and hazards detection ratios.The results of drivers'hazard percep-tion test reveal a main effect of traffic situations with different risk level on drivers' overall reaction time and hazard detection time (p<0.001).Driving experiences have no significant effect on haz-ard detection time (p=0.080)but have significant effect on drivers' hazard reaction time (p=0.003).Experienced drivers are with higher hazard perception level than unskilled drivers,which is reflected by the facts that experienced drivers can predict and evaluate dangerous events in traffic sit-uations more quickly and accurately.