CAJ | 학술논문

通过田间试验研究了不同施肥模式对华南稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响。研究结果表明：水稻生育期内，CH4排放呈单峰曲线，不同水稻季CH4排放峰出现的时间和峰值不同，晚稻CH4排放峰出现的时间早于早稻，且峰值明显高于早稻。由三季水稻观测数据可知：稻田CH4排放通量范围分别为-0.29~14.83、-6.09~31.54、-0.11~22.87 mg·m-2·h-1，而不同生长季N2O排放数据表明稻田N2O排放通量非常小且N2O排放规律不明显；稳定性氮肥结合甲烷抑制剂（SN）处理CH4季节排放总量最低，与农民习惯施肥处理（FP）相比，SN处理均能明显降低CH4季节排放量，降幅分别达34.1％、28.4％和7.7％。分析单位产量CH4和N2O增温潜势可知，两季水稻SN处理较FP处理全球增温潜势分别降低了31.0％和17.8％。综上认为，华南稻-稻连作种植体系下，CH4气体是稻田全球增温潜势增加的主要温室气体，SN施肥模式可作为该区域稻田温室气体减排的一项重要措施。
통과전간시험연구료불동시비모식대화남도전CH4화N2O배방적영향。연구결과표명：수도생육기내，CH4배방정단봉곡선，불동수도계CH4배방봉출현적시간화봉치불동，만도CH4배방봉출현적시간조우조도，차봉치명현고우조도。유삼계수도관측수거가지：도전CH4배방통량범위분별위-0.29~14.83、-6.09~31.54、-0.11~22.87 mg·m-2·h-1，이불동생장계N2O배방수거표명도전N2O배방통량비상소차N2O배방규률불명현；은정성담비결합갑완억제제（SN）처리CH4계절배방총량최저，여농민습관시비처리（FP）상비，SN처리균능명현강저CH4계절배방량，강폭분별체34.1％、28.4％화7.7％。분석단위산량CH4화N2O증온잠세가지，량계수도SN처리교FP처리전구증온잠세분별강저료31.0％화17.8％。종상인위，화남도-도련작충식체계하，CH4기체시도전전구증온잠세증가적주요온실기체，SN시비모식가작위해구역도전온실기체감배적일항중요조시。
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization patterns on CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy soil. Methane emissions displayed a single peak curve during rice growing period. The emission peak occurred earlier for late rice than for early rice variety, and the peak value was higher in the former than in the latter. The emitted CH4 ranged from-0.29~14.83 mg·m-2·h-1,-6.09~31.54 mg·m-2·h-1,-0.11~22.87 mg·m-2·h-1 for early and late rice in 2012 and early rice in 2013, respectively. The N2O fluxes in paddy soil were quite low and varied little among different rice seasons. Compared with farmers′ practice(FP), the treatment with stabilized ni-trogen fertilizer combined with methane inhibitor(SN)showed the lowest seasonal total CH4 emission, and effectively reduced seasonal CH4 emission fluxes by 34.1%, 28.4%and 7.7%in early and late rice in 2012 and early rice in 2013, respectively. The partial global warming potential(pGWP)per unit output showed that SN treatment reduced the pGWP by 31.0% and 17.8% for CH4 and N2O, respectively, in comparison with FP. In conclusion, CH4 was the most important greenhouse gas in rice cropping system in South China Region, and SN could serve as an effective measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.