CAJ | 학술논문

为研究增温及模拟酸雨对冬小麦-大豆轮作农田土壤呼吸作用的影响，在农田随机设置3个区组试验，每个区组中包含对照（CK）、增温（W）、模拟酸雨（A）、增温及模拟酸雨（WA）共4个处理，采用LI-8100开路式土壤碳通量测量系统对不同处理下的农田土壤呼吸速率进行观测，并同步观测土壤温度、土壤湿度。试验结果表明，冬小麦-大豆轮作农田的土壤呼吸速率存在明显的季节变异趋势，其变异性与土壤温度之间存在一致性。在冬小麦-大豆轮作阶段，CK、W、A、WA处理的平均土壤呼吸速率分别为（2.69±0.14）、（3.19±0.20）、（2.59±0.07）、（2.99±0.18）μmol·m-2·s-1。配对t检验结果表明：冬小麦田各处理的土壤呼吸速率之间无显著差异（P﹥0.05）；在大豆生长季，W和A处理土壤呼吸速率之间存在显著差异（P＜0.05），A和WA处理之间存在极显著差异（P＜0.01）。在整个冬小麦-大豆轮作阶段，CK与W处理农田土壤呼吸速率存在差异（P＝0.054），且W与A处理农田土壤呼吸速率存在极显著差异（P＜0.01）。进一步的研究结果表明，每个处理的土壤呼吸与土壤温度之间的关系均可用指数方程描述。对于A处理而言，基于土壤温度和湿度的双因子模型比单纯指数模型提高了对土壤呼吸的可解释性。
위연구증온급모의산우대동소맥-대두륜작농전토양호흡작용적영향，재농전수궤설치3개구조시험，매개구조중포함대조（CK）、증온（W）、모의산우（A）、증온급모의산우（WA）공4개처리，채용LI-8100개로식토양탄통량측량계통대불동처리하적농전토양호흡속솔진행관측，병동보관측토양온도、토양습도。시험결과표명，동소맥-대두륜작농전적토양호흡속솔존재명현적계절변이추세，기변이성여토양온도지간존재일치성。재동소맥-대두륜작계단，CK、W、A、WA처리적평균토양호흡속솔분별위（2.69±0.14）、（3.19±0.20）、（2.59±0.07）、（2.99±0.18）μmol·m-2·s-1。배대t검험결과표명：동소맥전각처리적토양호흡속솔지간무현저차이（P﹥0.05）；재대두생장계，W화A처리토양호흡속솔지간존재현저차이（P＜0.05），A화WA처리지간존재겁현저차이（P＜0.01）。재정개동소맥-대두륜작계단，CK여W처리농전토양호흡속솔존재차이（P＝0.054），차W여A처리농전토양호흡속솔존재겁현저차이（P＜0.01）。진일보적연구결과표명，매개처리적토양호흡여토양온도지간적관계균가용지수방정묘술。대우A처리이언，기우토양온도화습도적쌍인자모형비단순지수모형제고료대토양호흡적가해석성。
Soil respiration is an important process of global C cycling. Warming and acid rain may have impacts on soil respiration. The pre-sent study investigated the effects of warming and simulated acid rain on soil respiration in a winter wheat-soybean rotation field. There were control(CK), warming(W), acid rain(A), and warming plus acid rain(WA)combination treatments with three replicates. A randomized block experimental design was used. Soil respiration rates were measured using a portable soil CO2 fluxes system(LI-8100). Soil tempera-ture and moisture were also simultaneously measured at the time of measuring soil respiration rates. Soil respiration had obvious seasonal patterns during winter wheat- soybean growing period. Seasonal mean of soil respiration rates for CK, W, A, and WA was(2.69±0.14)μmol·m-2·s-1,(3.19±0.20)μmol·m-2·s-1,(2.59±0.07)μmol·m-2·s-1, and(2.99±0.18)μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively. Soil respiration rates were no significant(P﹥0.05)differences among treatments during the winter wheat growing season, but significantly(P<0.05)higher in W treatment than in A treatment during soybean growing season. Also, highly significant(P<0.01)difference in soil respiration was found be-tween A and WA treatments. During the whole winter wheat-soybean growing season soil respiration rates were higher in W treatment (P=0.054)than in CK, whereas soil respiration means were highly significantly lower in A treatments than in W treatment(P<0.01). For each treatment, soil respiration was significantly exponentially related(P<0.001)with soil temperature. A model including soil temperature and moisture performed better in modeling soil respiration than exponential model did for the A treatment.