CAJ | 학술논문

抗生素在畜禽养殖业的大量使用造成抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）污染日益严重。动物体内诱导出的抗性菌株随粪便排出后，通过基因水平转移进入土壤进而污染土壤和地下水环境。堆肥作为一种将粪便资源化的优良传统方法，能否有效去除畜禽粪便中的ARGs而防止环境污染值得探讨。通过总结畜禽粪便ARGs污染现状，粪便堆肥过程中微生物群落结构变化与影响微生物变化的因素以及堆肥可能对粪便中ARGs造成的影响，提出将堆肥作为去除畜禽粪便中ARGs的一种有效手段，利用堆肥产生的高温去除抗性菌株和抗性质粒等，并且考虑加入能直接灭杀肠道微生物的化学抑制剂（如石灰氮、胺类、吲哚等），实现降低畜禽粪便ARGs丰度的可能。据此强调开展畜禽粪便中ARGs研究的必要性，认为将堆肥和ARGs研究结合起来，可以有效地降低这种新型污染物的污染水平。
항생소재축금양식업적대량사용조성항생소항성기인（ARGs）오염일익엄중。동물체내유도출적항성균주수분편배출후，통과기인수평전이진입토양진이오염토양화지하수배경。퇴비작위일충장분편자원화적우량전통방법，능부유효거제축금분편중적ARGs이방지배경오염치득탐토。통과총결축금분편ARGs오염현상，분편퇴비과정중미생물군락결구변화여영향미생물변화적인소이급퇴비가능대분편중ARGs조성적영향，제출장퇴비작위거제축금분편중ARGs적일충유효수단，이용퇴비산생적고온거제항성균주화항성질립등，병차고필가입능직접멸살장도미생물적화학억제제（여석회담、알류、신타등），실현강저축금분편ARGs봉도적가능。거차강조개전축금분편중ARGs연구적필요성，인위장퇴비화ARGs연구결합기래，가이유효지강저저충신형오염물적오염수평。
There are increasing concerns about contamination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)due to extensive uses of antibiotics in livestock and poultry breeding industries. After having induced in animal guts, antibiotic resistance bacteria are excreted via feces and then enter into soil environment through horizontal gene transfers, thus increasing the risk of ARGs propagation in soil and groundwater. It is un-known whether composting, a traditional method for utilization of animal wastes, could eliminate ARGs. This article summarized the current pollution situation of ARGs in livestock manure, and reviewed the changes of microbial community structure and their influencing factors and the dynamics of ARGs during composting. It is recommended that composting could be used as an effective way to reduce ARGs. During composting, high temperature could effectively kill antibiotic resistance bacteria and plasmids. Also chemical inhibitors such as lime nitro-gen, amine and benzopyrrole could directly diminish enteric microorganisms, thus decreasing the abundance of ARGs. It is necessary to car-ry out a comprehensive research on ARGs removal through composting to mitigate the propagation of ARGs in the environment.