中国血吸虫病防治杂志
中國血吸蟲病防治雜誌
중국혈흡충병방치잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL
2014年
6期
608-612,617
,共6页
黄轶昕%杭德荣%汤洪萍%孙道宽%周灿华%高金彬%郑波%胡桂全%李倩%黄永军%佘广松%任志远
黃軼昕%杭德榮%湯洪萍%孫道寬%週燦華%高金彬%鄭波%鬍桂全%李倩%黃永軍%佘廣鬆%任誌遠
황질흔%항덕영%탕홍평%손도관%주찬화%고금빈%정파%호계전%리천%황영군%사엄송%임지원
钉螺%血吸虫病%漂流%扩散%全球定位系统%南水北调东线工程
釘螺%血吸蟲病%漂流%擴散%全毬定位繫統%南水北調東線工程
정라%혈흡충병%표류%확산%전구정위계통%남수북조동선공정
Oncomelania hupensis snail%Schistosomiasis%Drift%Diffusion%GPS%East route of South-to-North Water Di-version Project
目的：研究南水北调东线工程输水河道漂浮物漂流规律和水体钉螺扩散的潜在风险。方法采用打捞法和稻草帘诱螺法对南水北调东线工程输水河道水体钉螺进行监测，并通过GPS定位漂流试验对输水河道中钉螺随水扩散的可能性进行评估。结果2006-2013年汛期，在南水北调东线工程里运河及金宝航道打捞漂浮物8338.0 kg，投放稻草帘2100块，均未发现钉螺。漂浮物定位漂流试验表明，东线工程通水前高水河段表层北向水面流速为0.45 m/s时，搭载GPS定位器的漂浮物（GPS漂浮物）平均漂流速度为0.56~0.60 m/s，平均每次漂流999.70~1995.50 m；金宝航道段则无明显漂流。试通水期高水河水面流速为0.45 m/s时，GPS漂浮物平均漂流速度为0.35~0.41 m/s，平均每次漂流1248.06~1289.44 m；金宝航道段水面流速为0.28 m/s时，平均漂流速度为0.25~0.27 m/s，平均每次漂流477.76~496.38 m。漂流试验显示GPS漂浮物在水流、风向、船行波作用下，逐渐向岸边靠拢，在受到芦苇、水草或其他障碍阻滞时则停止不前，如无外力帮助则不能继续漂流。结论南水北调东线工程输水河道水体监测未发现钉螺，GPS定位漂流试验显示漂浮物随水漂流距离受流速和岸边环境限制。
目的：研究南水北調東線工程輸水河道漂浮物漂流規律和水體釘螺擴散的潛在風險。方法採用打撈法和稻草簾誘螺法對南水北調東線工程輸水河道水體釘螺進行鑑測，併通過GPS定位漂流試驗對輸水河道中釘螺隨水擴散的可能性進行評估。結果2006-2013年汛期，在南水北調東線工程裏運河及金寶航道打撈漂浮物8338.0 kg，投放稻草簾2100塊，均未髮現釘螺。漂浮物定位漂流試驗錶明，東線工程通水前高水河段錶層北嚮水麵流速為0.45 m/s時，搭載GPS定位器的漂浮物（GPS漂浮物）平均漂流速度為0.56~0.60 m/s，平均每次漂流999.70~1995.50 m；金寶航道段則無明顯漂流。試通水期高水河水麵流速為0.45 m/s時，GPS漂浮物平均漂流速度為0.35~0.41 m/s，平均每次漂流1248.06~1289.44 m；金寶航道段水麵流速為0.28 m/s時，平均漂流速度為0.25~0.27 m/s，平均每次漂流477.76~496.38 m。漂流試驗顯示GPS漂浮物在水流、風嚮、船行波作用下，逐漸嚮岸邊靠攏，在受到蘆葦、水草或其他障礙阻滯時則停止不前，如無外力幫助則不能繼續漂流。結論南水北調東線工程輸水河道水體鑑測未髮現釘螺，GPS定位漂流試驗顯示漂浮物隨水漂流距離受流速和岸邊環境限製。
목적：연구남수북조동선공정수수하도표부물표류규률화수체정라확산적잠재풍험。방법채용타로법화도초렴유라법대남수북조동선공정수수하도수체정라진행감측，병통과GPS정위표류시험대수수하도중정라수수확산적가능성진행평고。결과2006-2013년신기，재남수북조동선공정리운하급금보항도타로표부물8338.0 kg，투방도초렴2100괴，균미발현정라。표부물정위표류시험표명，동선공정통수전고수하단표층북향수면류속위0.45 m/s시，탑재GPS정위기적표부물（GPS표부물）평균표류속도위0.56~0.60 m/s，평균매차표류999.70~1995.50 m；금보항도단칙무명현표류。시통수기고수하수면류속위0.45 m/s시，GPS표부물평균표류속도위0.35~0.41 m/s，평균매차표류1248.06~1289.44 m；금보항도단수면류속위0.28 m/s시，평균표류속도위0.25~0.27 m/s，평균매차표류477.76~496.38 m。표류시험현시GPS표부물재수류、풍향、선행파작용하，축점향안변고롱，재수도호위、수초혹기타장애조체시칙정지불전，여무외력방조칙불능계속표류。결론남수북조동선공정수수하도수체감측미발현정라，GPS정위표류시험현시표부물수수표류거리수류속화안변배경한제。
Objective To study the drifting law of floats and potential risks of Oncomelania hupensis diffusion in the water diversion rivers of the east route of South?to?North Water Diversion Project. Methods The O. hupensis snails in the river chan?nels were monitored by the salvage method and snail luring method with rice straw curtains,and the diffusion possibility of snails along with water was assessed through the drift test of floats with GPS. Results In the flood seasons from 2006 to 2013, totally 8 338.0 kg of floats were salvaged,and 2 100 rice straw curtains were put into water in the Li Canal and Jinbao shipping channel,but no Oncomelania snails were found. The drift test of floats with GPS before water diversion showed that the flow ve?locity on water surface(northbound)was 0.45 m/s,the average drift velocity of the floats was 0.56-0.60 m/s,and the average drift distances each time were 999.70- 1 995.50 m in the Gaoshui River section,while there were no obvious drift in Jinbao shipping channel section. During the water diversion period,the flow velocity on water surface(northbound)was 0.45 m/s,the average drift velocity of the floats was 0.35-0.41m/s,and the average drift distances each time were 1 248.06-1 289.44 m in the Gaoshui River,while in Jinbao shipping channel section,the flow velocity on water surface was 0.28 m/s,the average drift velocity of the floats was 0.25- 0.27 m/s,and the average drift distances each time were 477.76- 496.38 m. The drift test showed that the floats gradually closed to the river bank as affected by water flow,wind direction and ship waves,when blocked by the reeds,water plants or other obstacles,and they would stopped and could not continue to drift without outside help. Con?clusions There are no Oncomelania snails found in the river channels of the east route of South?to?North Water Diversion Proj?ect. The drifting distance of the floating debris along with the water is restricted by the flow rate and shore environment.
