中国血吸虫病防治杂志
中國血吸蟲病防治雜誌
중국혈흡충병방치잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL
2014年
6期
602-607
,共6页
曹淳力%鲍子平%杨鹏成%陈朝%严俊%任光辉%李以义%蔡顺祥%刘建兵%许静%李石柱%郭家钢%周晓农
曹淳力%鮑子平%楊鵬成%陳朝%嚴俊%任光輝%李以義%蔡順祥%劉建兵%許靜%李石柱%郭傢鋼%週曉農
조순력%포자평%양붕성%진조%엄준%임광휘%리이의%채순상%류건병%허정%리석주%곽가강%주효농
血吸虫病%以机代牛%封洲禁牧%湖沼地区
血吸蟲病%以機代牛%封洲禁牧%湖沼地區
혈흡충병%이궤대우%봉주금목%호소지구
Schistosomiasis%Replacing cattle with machine for cultivation%Forbidding depasturage of livestock on marsh-land%Marshland and lake region
目的：分析以机代牛和封洲禁牧措施在湖沼型血吸虫病流行区的防治效果。方法选择实施以机代牛措施为主的湖北省江陵县和公安县、实施封洲禁牧措施为主的湖南省沅江市和华容县，采用回顾性调查和现场调查方法，对2007-2013年人群、耕牛、野粪和钉螺感染血吸虫情况进行分析，比较措施实施前后的防治效果。结果湖北省6个行政村实施以机代牛为主措施，湖南省7个行政村实施封洲禁牧为主措施。2007-2013年调查村人群血吸虫感染率呈整体下降趋势，从3.95%下降至0.69%，下降了82.53%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=128.376，P＜0.05）；以机代牛和封洲禁牧2组村人群血吸虫感染率下降幅度分别为83.08%和81.62%，差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.132，P＞0.05）。耕牛血吸虫感染率从3.66%降至0.65%，下降了82.24%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=13.692，P＜0.05）。2013年13个村有螺环境野粪调查157.44 hm2，检获野粪625份，均为牛粪，平均密度为3.97份/hm2，血吸虫卵阳性7份，阳性率为1.12%。2007年后，13个村钉螺血吸虫感染率和感染性钉螺密度均逐步下降，2011-2013年均未查到感染性钉螺。结论湖沼型血吸虫病流行区实施以机代牛和封洲禁牧措施控制血吸虫病效果明显。
目的：分析以機代牛和封洲禁牧措施在湖沼型血吸蟲病流行區的防治效果。方法選擇實施以機代牛措施為主的湖北省江陵縣和公安縣、實施封洲禁牧措施為主的湖南省沅江市和華容縣，採用迴顧性調查和現場調查方法，對2007-2013年人群、耕牛、野糞和釘螺感染血吸蟲情況進行分析，比較措施實施前後的防治效果。結果湖北省6箇行政村實施以機代牛為主措施，湖南省7箇行政村實施封洲禁牧為主措施。2007-2013年調查村人群血吸蟲感染率呈整體下降趨勢，從3.95%下降至0.69%，下降瞭82.53%，差異有統計學意義（χ2=128.376，P＜0.05）；以機代牛和封洲禁牧2組村人群血吸蟲感染率下降幅度分彆為83.08%和81.62%，差異無統計學意義（χ2=0.132，P＞0.05）。耕牛血吸蟲感染率從3.66%降至0.65%，下降瞭82.24%，差異有統計學意義（χ2=13.692，P＜0.05）。2013年13箇村有螺環境野糞調查157.44 hm2，檢穫野糞625份，均為牛糞，平均密度為3.97份/hm2，血吸蟲卵暘性7份，暘性率為1.12%。2007年後，13箇村釘螺血吸蟲感染率和感染性釘螺密度均逐步下降，2011-2013年均未查到感染性釘螺。結論湖沼型血吸蟲病流行區實施以機代牛和封洲禁牧措施控製血吸蟲病效果明顯。
목적：분석이궤대우화봉주금목조시재호소형혈흡충병류행구적방치효과。방법선택실시이궤대우조시위주적호북성강릉현화공안현、실시봉주금목조시위주적호남성원강시화화용현，채용회고성조사화현장조사방법，대2007-2013년인군、경우、야분화정라감염혈흡충정황진행분석，비교조시실시전후적방치효과。결과호북성6개행정촌실시이궤대우위주조시，호남성7개행정촌실시봉주금목위주조시。2007-2013년조사촌인군혈흡충감염솔정정체하강추세，종3.95%하강지0.69%，하강료82.53%，차이유통계학의의（χ2=128.376，P＜0.05）；이궤대우화봉주금목2조촌인군혈흡충감염솔하강폭도분별위83.08%화81.62%，차이무통계학의의（χ2=0.132，P＞0.05）。경우혈흡충감염솔종3.66%강지0.65%，하강료82.24%，차이유통계학의의（χ2=13.692，P＜0.05）。2013년13개촌유라배경야분조사157.44 hm2，검획야분625빈，균위우분，평균밀도위3.97빈/hm2，혈흡충란양성7빈，양성솔위1.12%。2007년후，13개촌정라혈흡충감염솔화감염성정라밀도균축보하강，2011-2013년균미사도감염성정라。결론호소형혈흡충병류행구실시이궤대우화봉주금목조시공제혈흡충병효과명현。
Objective To evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect of the measures of replacing cattle with machine for cul?tivation and forbidding depasturage of livestock on marshlands in marshland and lake regions. Methods The retrospective re?view and field survey were implemented in the Jiangling and Gongan counties of Hubei Province where were implemented with the measure of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation,and Yuanjiang and Huarong counties of Hunan Province where were implemented with the measure of forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands. The schistosome infection status of hu?man,cattle,and Oncomelania hupensis snails,and schistosome?infested field excreta were surveyed from 2007 to 2013. The ef?fects of the interventions were compared before and after their implementations. Results The 6 villages of Hubei Province were implemented with the measure of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation,and 7 villages of Hunan Province were imple? mented with the measure of forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands. From 2007 to 2013,the schistosome infection rates of residents declined from 3.95%to 0.70%(χ2 =128.376,P<0.05),with the descend range of 82.53%. The descend ranges of the measures of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation and forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands were 83.081%and 81.62%respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two measures(χ2 =0.132,P>0.05). The infection rate of cattle decreased from 3.66%in 2007 to 0.65%in 2013,and the descend range was 82.24%(χ2=13.692,P<0.05). The field excreta was surveyed in the snail breeding place in 2013. The investigated area was 157.435 hm2, and 625 samples of field feces of cattle were collected with the density of field excreta of 3.97/hm2,and the positive rate was 1.12%(7/625). The schistosome infection rate of snails and the density of infected snails decreased successively from 2007, and no infected snails were detected from 2011 to 2013. Conclusions The schistosomiasis endemic situation are decreased sig?nificantly after the interventions of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation and forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands. Therefore,schistosomiasis control effect of these measures is notable in the marshland and lake regions.
