植物营养与肥料学报
植物營養與肥料學報
식물영양여비료학보
PLANT NUTRITION AND FERTILIZER SCIENCE
2014年
6期
1525-1533
,共9页
武慧斌%于志红%周莉%唐世荣%宋正国
武慧斌%于誌紅%週莉%唐世榮%宋正國
무혜빈%우지홍%주리%당세영%송정국
土壤%二氧化碳%螯合剂%铜蓄积量%向日葵
土壤%二氧化碳%螯閤劑%銅蓄積量%嚮日葵
토양%이양화탄%오합제%동축적량%향일규
soi1%CO2%che1ating agent%Cu accumu1ation%sunf1ower
【目的】以向日葵为研究材料,探讨其在CO2浓度升高条件下修复铜( Cu)污染土壤的效率以及对比CO2与螯合剂联合诱导下向日葵对铜污染土壤修复效率的差异,并筛选出对CO2浓度升高响应显著的品种,以期为利用植物修复铜污染土壤提供数据支撑。【方法】在设置两个CO2浓度的人工气候室内(正常浓度370μmo1/mo1和升高浓度800μmo1/mo1),采用完全随机设计的盆栽土培试验,通过5个不同品种的向日葵,向铜污染水平为100 mg/kg的土壤上施加不同浓度EDTA和DTPA,研究CO2浓度与螯合剂联合施用对向日葵修复铜污染土壤效率的影响。【结果】1)不同螯合剂用量对铜污染土壤的浸提效果显著不同,根据螯合剂浸提土壤铜的高含量低毒性效应,选取EDTA 3 mmo1/kg土和DTPA 5 mmo1/kg土作为螯合剂的施加剂量。2)施入螯合剂后,CO2浓度升高一定程度上缓解了向日葵的失绿、失水,增加了食葵3号和阿尔泰2号的总生物量,但降低了食葵4号和阿尔泰1号的总生物量。3)在相同CO2浓度下,加入螯合剂后明显提高土壤PH值,且DTPA处理的增幅明显高于EDTA处理。CO2浓度升高处理虽对土壤PH值有影响,但CO2施肥与不施肥处理间五个品种的土壤PH值无显著差异。4)试验选用的5个品种中,食葵4号、阿尔泰1号在CO2浓度升高后,向日葵地上部蓄铜量明显降低;食葵3号、油生引2号在CO2浓度升高后,向日葵地上部蓄铜量略有升高;阿尔泰2号在二氧化碳浓度升高后,向日葵地上部蓄铜量明显升高。CO2与DTPA 5 mmo1/kg土联合施用,5个品种向日葵茎叶内铜含量较对照增加239%646%;铜蓄积量较对照增加230%362%。二氧化碳与EDTA 3 mmo1/kg 联合施用时,EDTA的活化作用未达到最佳效果,对5个品种向日葵茎、叶内铜含量的影响不一致。【结论】CO2浓度升高一定程度上可以增强向日葵的抗性。在100 mg/kg铜污染土壤上,阿尔泰2号对二氧化碳浓度升高的反应最敏感,同时二氧化碳与螯合剂联合施用时,螯合剂可能是影响土壤PH值变化的主要因子。在铜污染水平为100 mg/kg的土壤上,与EDTA施用量为3 mmo1/kg土相比,5 mmo1/kg土的DTPA与CO2联合施用的修复效果更好。
【目的】以嚮日葵為研究材料,探討其在CO2濃度升高條件下脩複銅( Cu)汙染土壤的效率以及對比CO2與螯閤劑聯閤誘導下嚮日葵對銅汙染土壤脩複效率的差異,併篩選齣對CO2濃度升高響應顯著的品種,以期為利用植物脩複銅汙染土壤提供數據支撐。【方法】在設置兩箇CO2濃度的人工氣候室內(正常濃度370μmo1/mo1和升高濃度800μmo1/mo1),採用完全隨機設計的盆栽土培試驗,通過5箇不同品種的嚮日葵,嚮銅汙染水平為100 mg/kg的土壤上施加不同濃度EDTA和DTPA,研究CO2濃度與螯閤劑聯閤施用對嚮日葵脩複銅汙染土壤效率的影響。【結果】1)不同螯閤劑用量對銅汙染土壤的浸提效果顯著不同,根據螯閤劑浸提土壤銅的高含量低毒性效應,選取EDTA 3 mmo1/kg土和DTPA 5 mmo1/kg土作為螯閤劑的施加劑量。2)施入螯閤劑後,CO2濃度升高一定程度上緩解瞭嚮日葵的失綠、失水,增加瞭食葵3號和阿爾泰2號的總生物量,但降低瞭食葵4號和阿爾泰1號的總生物量。3)在相同CO2濃度下,加入螯閤劑後明顯提高土壤PH值,且DTPA處理的增幅明顯高于EDTA處理。CO2濃度升高處理雖對土壤PH值有影響,但CO2施肥與不施肥處理間五箇品種的土壤PH值無顯著差異。4)試驗選用的5箇品種中,食葵4號、阿爾泰1號在CO2濃度升高後,嚮日葵地上部蓄銅量明顯降低;食葵3號、油生引2號在CO2濃度升高後,嚮日葵地上部蓄銅量略有升高;阿爾泰2號在二氧化碳濃度升高後,嚮日葵地上部蓄銅量明顯升高。CO2與DTPA 5 mmo1/kg土聯閤施用,5箇品種嚮日葵莖葉內銅含量較對照增加239%646%;銅蓄積量較對照增加230%362%。二氧化碳與EDTA 3 mmo1/kg 聯閤施用時,EDTA的活化作用未達到最佳效果,對5箇品種嚮日葵莖、葉內銅含量的影響不一緻。【結論】CO2濃度升高一定程度上可以增彊嚮日葵的抗性。在100 mg/kg銅汙染土壤上,阿爾泰2號對二氧化碳濃度升高的反應最敏感,同時二氧化碳與螯閤劑聯閤施用時,螯閤劑可能是影響土壤PH值變化的主要因子。在銅汙染水平為100 mg/kg的土壤上,與EDTA施用量為3 mmo1/kg土相比,5 mmo1/kg土的DTPA與CO2聯閤施用的脩複效果更好。
【목적】이향일규위연구재료,탐토기재CO2농도승고조건하수복동( Cu)오염토양적효솔이급대비CO2여오합제연합유도하향일규대동오염토양수복효솔적차이,병사선출대CO2농도승고향응현저적품충,이기위이용식물수복동오염토양제공수거지탱。【방법】재설치량개CO2농도적인공기후실내(정상농도370μmo1/mo1화승고농도800μmo1/mo1),채용완전수궤설계적분재토배시험,통과5개불동품충적향일규,향동오염수평위100 mg/kg적토양상시가불동농도EDTA화DTPA,연구CO2농도여오합제연합시용대향일규수복동오염토양효솔적영향。【결과】1)불동오합제용량대동오염토양적침제효과현저불동,근거오합제침제토양동적고함량저독성효응,선취EDTA 3 mmo1/kg토화DTPA 5 mmo1/kg토작위오합제적시가제량。2)시입오합제후,CO2농도승고일정정도상완해료향일규적실록、실수,증가료식규3호화아이태2호적총생물량,단강저료식규4호화아이태1호적총생물량。3)재상동CO2농도하,가입오합제후명현제고토양PH치,차DTPA처리적증폭명현고우EDTA처리。CO2농도승고처리수대토양PH치유영향,단CO2시비여불시비처리간오개품충적토양PH치무현저차이。4)시험선용적5개품충중,식규4호、아이태1호재CO2농도승고후,향일규지상부축동량명현강저;식규3호、유생인2호재CO2농도승고후,향일규지상부축동량략유승고;아이태2호재이양화탄농도승고후,향일규지상부축동량명현승고。CO2여DTPA 5 mmo1/kg토연합시용,5개품충향일규경협내동함량교대조증가239%646%;동축적량교대조증가230%362%。이양화탄여EDTA 3 mmo1/kg 연합시용시,EDTA적활화작용미체도최가효과,대5개품충향일규경、협내동함량적영향불일치。【결론】CO2농도승고일정정도상가이증강향일규적항성。재100 mg/kg동오염토양상,아이태2호대이양화탄농도승고적반응최민감,동시이양화탄여오합제연합시용시,오합제가능시영향토양PH치변화적주요인자。재동오염수평위100 mg/kg적토양상,여EDTA시용량위3 mmo1/kg토상비,5 mmo1/kg토적DTPA여CO2연합시용적수복효과경호。
Objectives]The aim of this study was to investigate efficiency of sunf1ower ’s Phytoremediation in coPPer-contaminated soi1 under different CO2 concentration 1eve1s and various che1ating agents. Furthermore,this study aimed to screen CO2-sensitive cu1tivars of sunf1owers,therefore,Providing data to suPPort the need for Phytoremediation of coPPer-contaminated soi1.[Methods]A Pot exPeriment was conducted in artificia1 c1imate chambers under two CO2 concentration 1eve1s,norma1(370 μmo1/mo1)and e1evated(800 μmo1/mo1). Using a comP1ete1y randomized design,five different cu1tivars of sunf1owers in soi1 contaminated with 100 mg/kg Cu were treated with different concentrations of EDTA and DTPA to determine the effects of a che1ating agent in combination with various 1eve1s of CO2 concentration on rePair efficiency of sunf1owers in Cu-contaminated soi1.[Results]1)The extraction of Cu from the contaminated soi1 using different che1ating agents is significant1y different. Based on the 1ow toxicity fo11owed by high concentration of che1ate when extracting Cu from contaminated soi1,EDTA 3 mmo1/kg soi1 and DTPA 5 mmo1/kg soi1 are se1ected. 2)The 1oss of green in 1eaves and dehydration of sunf1owers are re1ieved to some extent under the e1evated CO2 concentration fo11owing the aPP1ication of che1ating agents. Furthermore,the tota1 biomass amounts of Shikui-3 and A1tai-2 are increased,whi1e those of Shikui-4 and A1tai-1 are decreased. 3)Soi1 PH va1ues are increased in the treatments with che1ating agents at both CO2 concentrations, and the extent of the increase in the DTPA treatments is significant1y higher than that in the EDTA treatments. A1though the e1evated CO2 concentration has an imPact on soi1 PH,there was no significant difference in soi1 PH between the two CO2 1eve1s for the five sunf1ower cu1tivars. 4)The above-ground Cu accumu1ation in Shikui-4 and A1tai-1 significant1y decreased under conditions of e1evated CO2. The Cu accumu1ation amounts in shoots of Shikui-3 and Youshengyin-2 are s1ight1y increased under conditions of e1evated CO2 ,whi1e the amount in shoots of A1tai-2 is significant1y increased. The Cu concentrations of sunf1ower 1eaves and stems in the treatments with 5 mmo1/kg soi1 DTPA under e1evated CO2 conditions are increased by 239% -646% comPared with the contro1s,and the Cu accumu1ation amounts of the P1ants are increased by 230%-362%. The resu1ts a1so show that the effect of Cu concentrations in stems and 1eaves of sunf1owers are consistent. The mobi1ization of Cu in soi1s is more active in the DTPA treatments comPared with the EDTA treatments.[Conclusions]Sunf1ower resistance to Cu can be enhanced to some extent under conditions of e1evated CO2. A1tai-2 is the most sensitive to e1evated CO2 in 100 mg/kg Cu-contaminated soi1. It is Possib1e that the aPP1ication of che1ating agents is a main factor of affecting the soi1 PH change under conditions of e1evated CO2 . The DTPA 5 mmo1/kg treatment is more effective in the remediation of Cu-contaminated soi1(100 mg/kg)under the e1evated CO2 condition comPared with EDTA 3 mmo1/kg.