人民黄河
人民黃河
인민황하
Yellow River
2014年
12期
11-13
,共3页
径流%突变%大气环流异常%花园口%黄河
徑流%突變%大氣環流異常%花園口%黃河
경류%돌변%대기배류이상%화완구%황하
runoff%mutation%atmospheric circulation anomalies%Huayuankou Station%Yellow River
利用黄河花园口径流资料和NCEP／NCAR再分析资料，从大气环流是否异常的角度，分析得到黄河花园口径流对全球气候变化响应的结果和引起径流变化的大气环流成因。结果表明：黄河花园口年径流量和主汛期径流量均具有显著减少趋势；花园口径流量在1986年发生了气候突变，突变之后径流减少更加显著。以主汛期为例，分析突变前后北半球环流差异特征：500 hPa高度场分析表明，阶段Ⅰ（1949—1985年）经向环流表现突出，而阶段Ⅱ（1986—2010年）以纬向环流为主；海平面气压场分析表明，阶段Ⅰ蒙古低压异常强大，夏季风偏强，而阶段Ⅱ蒙古低压明显减弱，夏季风偏弱；700 hPa风场分析表明，阶段Ⅰ异常西南风距平一直伸展到黄河流域及华北地区，而阶段Ⅱ从东北华北经黄河中下游到四川为异常东北风距平；纬度－高度风剖面变化分析表明，阶段Ⅰ中异常上升支位于黄淮及华北地区，而阶段Ⅱ异常下沉支位于黄淮及华北地区。
利用黃河花園口徑流資料和NCEP／NCAR再分析資料，從大氣環流是否異常的角度，分析得到黃河花園口徑流對全毬氣候變化響應的結果和引起徑流變化的大氣環流成因。結果錶明：黃河花園口年徑流量和主汛期徑流量均具有顯著減少趨勢；花園口徑流量在1986年髮生瞭氣候突變，突變之後徑流減少更加顯著。以主汛期為例，分析突變前後北半毬環流差異特徵：500 hPa高度場分析錶明，階段Ⅰ（1949—1985年）經嚮環流錶現突齣，而階段Ⅱ（1986—2010年）以緯嚮環流為主；海平麵氣壓場分析錶明，階段Ⅰ矇古低壓異常彊大，夏季風偏彊，而階段Ⅱ矇古低壓明顯減弱，夏季風偏弱；700 hPa風場分析錶明，階段Ⅰ異常西南風距平一直伸展到黃河流域及華北地區，而階段Ⅱ從東北華北經黃河中下遊到四川為異常東北風距平；緯度－高度風剖麵變化分析錶明，階段Ⅰ中異常上升支位于黃淮及華北地區，而階段Ⅱ異常下沉支位于黃淮及華北地區。
이용황하화완구경류자료화NCEP／NCAR재분석자료，종대기배류시부이상적각도，분석득도황하화완구경류대전구기후변화향응적결과화인기경류변화적대기배류성인。결과표명：황하화완구년경류량화주신기경류량균구유현저감소추세；화완구경류량재1986년발생료기후돌변，돌변지후경류감소경가현저。이주신기위례，분석돌변전후북반구배류차이특정：500 hPa고도장분석표명，계단Ⅰ（1949—1985년）경향배류표현돌출，이계단Ⅱ（1986—2010년）이위향배류위주；해평면기압장분석표명，계단Ⅰ몽고저압이상강대，하계풍편강，이계단Ⅱ몽고저압명현감약，하계풍편약；700 hPa풍장분석표명，계단Ⅰ이상서남풍거평일직신전도황하류역급화북지구，이계단Ⅱ종동북화북경황하중하유도사천위이상동북풍거평；위도－고도풍부면변화분석표명，계단Ⅰ중이상상승지위우황회급화북지구，이계단Ⅱ이상하침지위우황회급화북지구。
In respect of the abnormality of atmospheric circulation,the response of the runoff of Huayuankou Station on the Yellow River to global climate change and the atmospheric circulation have been studied by using the runoff observation data at Huayuankou Station and NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data. Results show that:a)both the annual runoff and the main flood season runoff at Huayuankou Station show a significant decreasing trend;b)a climate mutation of runoff occurred in 1986,and the reduction is much more significant after the mutation;c)in case of the main flood season,discriminative features of northern hemisphere circulation can be distinguished as two stages:before and after the mutation. Among them:In the altitude difference field at 500 hPa,stage Ⅰ(1949—1985)shows a more significant meridional circulation while stage Ⅱ(1986—2010)is dominated by zonal circulation;As for the difference of sea level pressure,in stage Ⅰ the low pressure of Mongolia during the major flood period is extraordinarily strong,and summer monsoon gets heavier. On the contrary,in stageⅡthe low pressure of Mongolia during the major flood period decreases significantly,and summer monsoon gets weaker;In the wind difference field at 700 hPa,anomalous southwesterly reaches the Yellow River basin and north China during the major flood period of stage Ⅰ,while in stage Ⅱ,there is anomalous northeasterly from northeast China, north China,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin to Sichuan Province;From latitude-height profiles ,we can conclude that:in stage Ⅰ,there is an anomalous rise in the Huang-Huai area and north China,which is just the opposite from stage Ⅱ.
