CAJ | 학술논문

以受精后24 h孵化出的糙海参（ Holothuria scabra）耳状幼体为研究对象，探讨养殖水体不同量光合细菌对糙海参苗期生长、成活、消化道消化酶活性和养殖水体水质变化的影响。试验设4个处理，光合细菌（浓度为1×1011 cfu·mL-1）添加量分别是0 mL（组1，对照组）、50 mL（组2）、100 mL（组3）和150 mL（组4），每个处理设3个重复，每个重复放养4×104尾幼体于室内水泥池（5 m ×3 m ×1.5 m）中，试验周期为41 d。结果表明，添加光合细菌组的糙海参出苗体质量和成活率均显著高于对照组（ P﹤0.05），而组3和组4的体质量和成活率又明显优于组2（P﹤0.05），组3和组4之间的差异不显著（P＞0.05）。添加光合细菌还能不同程度地影响糙海参苗体消化道蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶的活性，试验组3种酶的活性均显著高于对照组（ P﹤0.05），而组3和组4的蛋白酶活性和纤维素酶活性显著高于组2（ P﹤0.05），淀粉酶活性在3个试验组之间无显著差异（ P＞0.05）。在试验第10天后，各试验组氨氮（ NH3-N）和亚硝酸盐含量显著低于对照组（ P﹤0.05），在试验第20天后，各试验组化学需氧量（ COD）的值显著低于对照组（ P﹤0.05），而总磷（ TP）的差异不大（ P＞0.05）。表明光合细菌可以促进糙海参幼体的生长，提高消化酶活性和成活率，并改良育苗水体水质。
이수정후24 h부화출적조해삼（ Holothuria scabra）이상유체위연구대상，탐토양식수체불동량광합세균대조해삼묘기생장、성활、소화도소화매활성화양식수체수질변화적영향。시험설4개처리，광합세균（농도위1×1011 cfu·mL-1）첨가량분별시0 mL（조1，대조조）、50 mL（조2）、100 mL（조3）화150 mL（조4），매개처리설3개중복，매개중복방양4×104미유체우실내수니지（5 m ×3 m ×1.5 m）중，시험주기위41 d。결과표명，첨가광합세균조적조해삼출묘체질량화성활솔균현저고우대조조（ P﹤0.05），이조3화조4적체질량화성활솔우명현우우조2（P﹤0.05），조3화조4지간적차이불현저（P＞0.05）。첨가광합세균환능불동정도지영향조해삼묘체소화도단백매、정분매화섬유소매적활성，시험조3충매적활성균현저고우대조조（ P﹤0.05），이조3화조4적단백매활성화섬유소매활성현저고우조2（ P﹤0.05），정분매활성재3개시험조지간무현저차이（ P＞0.05）。재시험제10천후，각시험조안담（ NH3-N）화아초산염함량현저저우대조조（ P﹤0.05），재시험제20천후，각시험조화학수양량（ COD）적치현저저우대조조（ P﹤0.05），이총린（ TP）적차이불대（ P＞0.05）。표명광합세균가이촉진조해삼유체적생장，제고소화매활성화성활솔，병개량육묘수체수질。
Taking Holothuria scabra auricularia larvae hatched after 24 h fertilization as objects,we studied the influence of photosyn-thetic bacteria on their growth,survival and digestive enzymatic activities as well as on water quality. The experiments lasted 41 d and four groups were set up,each with three replicates. Photosynthetic bacteria(1 ×1011cfu·mL-1)of 0 mL(Group 1,control),50 mL (Group 2),100 mL(Group 3)and 150 mL(Group 4)were added respectively into tanks(5 m × 3 m × 1. 5 m)once every 5 d. Each tank was added with 4 × 104 larvae. The results show that the body weight and survival rate in the treatment groups( Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4)were significantly higher than those in the control group( P﹤0. 05),while the body weight and survival rate in Group 3 and Group 4 were significantly higher than those in Group 2( P﹤0. 05),but there was no significant difference between Group 3 and Group 4(P>0. 05). Photosynthetic bacteria also affected the activities of protease,amylase and cellulose in intestines of larvae which in the treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P﹤0. 05). The enzyme activities of pro-tease and cellulose in Group 3 and Group 4 were significantly higher than those in Group 2(P﹤0. 05),but there was no significant difference in enzyme activity of amylase among treatment groups( P>0. 05 ). The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite contents in treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group(P﹤0. 05)after 10 d;the chemical oxygen demand(COD)in treat-ment groups was significantly lower than that in control group( P﹤0. 05 )after 20 d but no significant difference in total phosphorus ( TP). The results indicate that photosynthetic bacteria can accelerate the growth,increase the survival rate and digestive enzymes ac-tivities of H. scabra larvae and improve aquaculture water quality.