CAJ | 학술논문

为了搞清不同含水量和添加剂对燕麦青贮发酵品质的影响，试验设置2个含水量（45％～50％，65％～70％）和5个添加剂处理进行研究。5个添加剂处理分别为玉米粉（4％）、尿素（0．4％）、Synlac Dry（0．002 g／kg）、Sila-Max 200（0．0025 g／kg）和直接青贮（CK）。以灌浆期全株燕麦为青贮原料，捆裹青贮40 d 后取样，测定其营养指标、发酵指标和主要微生物类群数量。结果表明，含水量与添加剂对燕麦青贮发酵品质的影响非常显著。与45％～50％含水量相比，65％～70％含水量下各处理的 CP、主要有机酸含量和 LAB 数量比较稳定；NDF、ADF、WSC 和 M＆Y 数量降低，青贮效果较优。与 CK 相比，最佳含水量下玉米粉和尿素处理的青贮燕麦 NDF、ADF、NH3-N 均显著增加（P ＜0．05），WSC 显著减少。Sila-Max 200处理的 NDF、ADF 含量最低（P ＜0．05），分别为52．12％和32．14％；LA 含量最高，LAB 数量也显著提高（P ＜0．05），抑制了好氧细菌的生长繁殖，效果优于 Synlac Dry，青贮品质最佳。综上所述，在65％～70％原料含水量条件下选择合适添加剂处理可显著提高燕麦青贮品质。
위료고청불동함수량화첨가제대연맥청저발효품질적영향，시험설치2개함수량（45％～50％，65％～70％）화5개첨가제처리진행연구。5개첨가제처리분별위옥미분（4％）、뇨소（0．4％）、Synlac Dry（0．002 g／kg）、Sila-Max 200（0．0025 g／kg）화직접청저（CK）。이관장기전주연맥위청저원료，곤과청저40 d 후취양，측정기영양지표、발효지표화주요미생물류군수량。결과표명，함수량여첨가제대연맥청저발효품질적영향비상현저。여45％～50％함수량상비，65％～70％함수량하각처리적 CP、주요유궤산함량화 LAB 수량비교은정；NDF、ADF、WSC 화 M＆Y 수량강저，청저효과교우。여 CK 상비，최가함수량하옥미분화뇨소처리적청저연맥 NDF、ADF、NH3-N 균현저증가（P ＜0．05），WSC 현저감소。Sila-Max 200처리적 NDF、ADF 함량최저（P ＜0．05），분별위52．12％화32．14％；LA 함량최고，LAB 수량야현저제고（P ＜0．05），억제료호양세균적생장번식，효과우우 Synlac Dry，청저품질최가。종상소술，재65％～70％원료함수량조건하선택합괄첨가제처리가현저제고연맥청저품질。
In order to study the effects of different moisture contents and additives on the quality of baling oat silage,a 2×5 experiment was designed.Baling oat harvested at grain filling stage was wilted to target moisture contents (45%-50% and 65%-70%)and treated with corn flour (4%),urea (0.4%),Synlac Dry (0.002 g/kg),Sila-Max 200 (0.0025 g/kg),or directly baled without additives (CK).After 40 d ensiling,nutrition and fermentation were measured,and microbial counts and community analysis were undertaken by plate-cul-ture.Moisture contents and additives had significant effects on silage quality.Compared with those at 45%-50% moisture content,treatments at 65%-70% moisture content had more stable CP,main organic acids and lactic acid bacteria (LAB),lower acid detergent fiber (ADF),neutral detergent fiber (NDF),water soluble carbohydrate (WSC)and mould and yeast (M&Y)counts,showing a better ensiling effectiveness.In contrast with CK,flour and urea treatments at 65%-70% moisture content had higher NDF,ADF and NH 3-N con-tents,but lower WSC.Sila-Max 200 led to the lowest NDF and ADF contents (52.12% and 32.14%,respec-tively),the highest lactic acid and significantly increased LAB,thus inhibiting aerobic microorganisms and a-chieving the best silage performance.In conclusion,adding suitable additives to oat with 65%-70% moisture content could signficantly improve the oat silage quality.