CAJ | 학술논문

广泛分布于喜马拉雅山脉和我国华南地区的西藏红豆杉频临灭绝，揭示空间遗传结构和物种分布变化对于理解西藏红豆杉的进化过程及其物种保护尤为重要。基于西藏红豆杉48个种群的分子变异数据，利用反距离权重空间差值方法得到遗传多样性和遗传分化分布图，识别出6个遗传多样性和5个遗传分化高值区域，这些重点区域主要位于我国南方的几个山区，这些区域在未来应给予重点保护；基于Monmonier算法识别出4条地理隔离：东喜马拉雅山脉、横断山脉、云南高原和台湾海峡；利用生态位模型模拟三个历史时期的物种分布格局，从末次间冰期至末次冰盛期，物种经历一次向高原西部的面积扩张，这与典型的冰期物种退缩模式不同；末次冰盛期之后，物种面积逐渐缩小，呈现破碎化分布。因此，地理景观特征和第四纪气候波动对西藏红豆杉遗传结构和分布格局影响很大。
엄범분포우희마랍아산맥화아국화남지구적서장홍두삼빈림멸절，게시공간유전결구화물충분포변화대우리해서장홍두삼적진화과정급기물충보호우위중요。기우서장홍두삼48개충군적분자변이수거，이용반거리권중공간차치방법득도유전다양성화유전분화분포도，식별출6개유전다양성화5개유전분화고치구역，저사중점구역주요위우아국남방적궤개산구，저사구역재미래응급여중점보호；기우Monmonier산법식별출4조지리격리：동희마랍아산맥、횡단산맥、운남고원화태만해협；이용생태위모형모의삼개역사시기적물충분포격국，종말차간빙기지말차빙성기，물충경력일차향고원서부적면적확장，저여전형적빙기물충퇴축모식불동；말차빙성기지후，물충면적축점축소，정현파쇄화분포。인차，지리경관특정화제사기기후파동대서장홍두삼유전결구화분포격국영향흔대。
The Chinese yew (Taxus wallichiana), which is widely distributed in the Himalayas and in southern China, is now on the edge of extinction. In order to understand the evolutionary processes that control the current diversity within this species at the genetic and ecological levels, its genetic patterns and rangedynamics must ifrst be identiifed and mapped. This knowledge can then be applied in the development of an effective conservation strategy. Based on molecular data obtained from 48 populations ofT. walichiana, we used GIS-basedinterpolation approach for the explicit visualization of patterns of genetic divergence and diversity, and a number of potential evolutionary hotspots have been specifically identified within the genetic landscape maps. Within the maps of genetic divergence and diversity, five areas of high inter-population genetic divergence and six areas of high intra-population genetic diversity have been highlighted in a number ofseparate mountain regions, and these evolutionary hotspots should have the priority to be protected. Furthermore, four geographical barriers have been identiifed: the eastern Himalayas, the Yunnan Plateau, the Hengduan Mountains and the Taiwan Strait. According to ecological nichemodeling (ENM), the populations ofT. wallichiana within the Sino-Himalayan Forest lforistic subkingdom experienced westwardexpansionfrom the periods of Last Inter-glacial to Last GlacialMaximum (LGM). Folowing the LGM, the distribution range overal became reduced and fragmented. These ifndings chalenge the classic mode of contraction-expansion in response to the lastglaciation. In conclusion, our ifndings suggest that the changes in geographical landscapes and climate thatoccurred during theQuaternary resulted in current genetic landscape patterns.