CAJ | 학술논문

目的：评估武汉市40～65岁妇女自然绝经过程中绝经相关症状的发生及影响因素。方法选取2014年4～10月武汉市参加年度健康体检、年龄40～65岁的956名妇女为调查对象，采用问卷形式调查妇女的基本信息、月经状况、运动锻炼情况、重要躯体疾病以及围绝经期相关症状，用Greene评分法评估绝经症状，分析绝经症状的发生情况及影响因素。结果月经不规律妇女出现的得分高的前五位绝经相关症状是：感到疲惫或精力不足、失眠、感到头晕或无力、潮热、肌肉或关节酸痛（ P＜0.05）；得分高的常见的症候群是：焦虑症状、躯体症状、抑郁症状和血管舒缩症状（ P＜0.05）。绝经后妇女出现的得分高的绝经症状是：失眠、潮热、感到疲倦或精力不足和肌肉关节酸痛（ P＜0.05）；常见症候群是血管舒缩症状和性生活问题（P＜0.05）。躯体疾病对5种绝经症候群均有显著影响（P＜0.05）；40～50岁者较61～65岁者更易有抑郁症状（ P＜0.05）；体质量指数增加更易有血管舒缩症状（ P＜0.05）。结论绝经症状在绝经的各个阶段侧重表现不同，慢性躯体疾病是绝经症状的不良影响因素。
목적：평고무한시40～65세부녀자연절경과정중절경상관증상적발생급영향인소。방법선취2014년4～10월무한시삼가년도건강체검、년령40～65세적956명부녀위조사대상，채용문권형식조사부녀적기본신식、월경상황、운동단련정황、중요구체질병이급위절경기상관증상，용Greene평분법평고절경증상，분석절경증상적발생정황급영향인소。결과월경불규률부녀출현적득분고적전오위절경상관증상시：감도피비혹정력불족、실면、감도두훈혹무력、조열、기육혹관절산통（ P＜0.05）；득분고적상견적증후군시：초필증상、구체증상、억욱증상화혈관서축증상（ P＜0.05）。절경후부녀출현적득분고적절경증상시：실면、조열、감도피권혹정력불족화기육관절산통（ P＜0.05）；상견증후군시혈관서축증상화성생활문제（P＜0.05）。구체질병대5충절경증후군균유현저영향（P＜0.05）；40～50세자교61～65세자경역유억욱증상（ P＜0.05）；체질량지수증가경역유혈관서축증상（ P＜0.05）。결론절경증상재절경적각개계단측중표현불동，만성구체질병시절경증상적불량영향인소。
Objective To investigate the epidemiologic factors associated with the menopausal symptoms among women at the age of 40 to 65 in Wuhan City.Methods From Apr.2014 to Oct , women at the age of 40 to 65 attending health examination in Wuhan City were enrolled in this study.A structured questionnaire was used to collect data of basic information, menopausal status, exercise, important physical diseases and perimenopausal symptoms.Also the menopausal symptoms were evaluated by Greene scale. The menopausal symptoms and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results The top 5 highest scores symptoms in perimenopausal women were fatigue, insomnia, dizziness or weakness, hot flashes, muscle/joint pain(P<0.01).The top highest scores syndromes in perimenopausal women were vasomotor symptoms, anxiety symptoms, somatic symptoms and depression symptoms (P<0.05).While insomnia, hot flashes, fatigue, muscle/joint pain got the highest scores symptoms in postmenopausal women (P<0.05).Vasomotor symptoms and sexual problems got the highest score syndromes in postmenopausal women ( P <0.05 ) .Somatic symptoms had a significant impact on five kinds of menopausal syndromes ( P <0.05 ) .Women at the age of 40 to 50 were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those at the age of 61 to 65 ( P <0.05 ) .Women of increasing BMI were more likely to have vasomotor symptoms( P <0.05 ) .Conclusions There were different menopausal symptoms at each stage of menopause.The main factor contributing to menopausal symptoms were somatic symptoms.