资源与生态学报（英文版）
資源與生態學報（英文版）
자원여생태학보（영문판）
JOURNAL OF RESOURCES AND ECOLOGY
2014年
4期
390-394
,共5页
中国重要农业文化遗产(China-NIAHS)%可持续发展%农业景观%市场化途径%多方参与
中國重要農業文化遺產(China-NIAHS)%可持續髮展%農業景觀%市場化途徑%多方參與
중국중요농업문화유산(China-NIAHS)%가지속발전%농업경관%시장화도경%다방삼여
China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS)%sustainable development%agriculture landscape%market-oriented approach%multi-participation mechanism
2012年农业部启动中国重要农业文化遗产发掘工作以来，通过两批申报与评选，有39个传统农业系统入选中国重要农业文化遗产，其中涉及林业19项、种植业14项、农业复合系统4项、其他2项。从遗产系统的起源来看，历史在1000年以上的农业系统有24个。从民族特征来看，20个遗产系统位于少数民族聚居区。当前，农业文化遗产地普遍面临着生态系统的退化与破坏，传统农业技术和农业景观的遗失与废弃，农业规模化与产业化发展滞后，农户的利益分享与激励不足等问题。相对其他遗产类型，农业文化遗产的保护与发展更为复杂和困难。为实现农业文化遗产的可持续发展，要充分发挥政府的主导作用和财政扶持功能，探索农业文化遗产保护与发展的市场化途径与适应性管理，建立多方参与和惠益分享机制，加强农业文化遗产的基础研究工作。
2012年農業部啟動中國重要農業文化遺產髮掘工作以來，通過兩批申報與評選，有39箇傳統農業繫統入選中國重要農業文化遺產，其中涉及林業19項、種植業14項、農業複閤繫統4項、其他2項。從遺產繫統的起源來看，歷史在1000年以上的農業繫統有24箇。從民族特徵來看，20箇遺產繫統位于少數民族聚居區。噹前，農業文化遺產地普遍麵臨著生態繫統的退化與破壞，傳統農業技術和農業景觀的遺失與廢棄，農業規模化與產業化髮展滯後，農戶的利益分享與激勵不足等問題。相對其他遺產類型，農業文化遺產的保護與髮展更為複雜和睏難。為實現農業文化遺產的可持續髮展，要充分髮揮政府的主導作用和財政扶持功能，探索農業文化遺產保護與髮展的市場化途徑與適應性管理，建立多方參與和惠益分享機製，加彊農業文化遺產的基礎研究工作。
2012년농업부계동중국중요농업문화유산발굴공작이래，통과량비신보여평선，유39개전통농업계통입선중국중요농업문화유산，기중섭급임업19항、충식업14항、농업복합계통4항、기타2항。종유산계통적기원래간，역사재1000년이상적농업계통유24개。종민족특정래간，20개유산계통위우소수민족취거구。당전，농업문화유산지보편면림착생태계통적퇴화여파배，전통농업기술화농업경관적유실여폐기，농업규모화여산업화발전체후，농호적이익분향여격려불족등문제。상대기타유산류형，농업문화유산적보호여발전경위복잡화곤난。위실현농업문화유산적가지속발전，요충분발휘정부적주도작용화재정부지공능，탐색농업문화유산보호여발전적시장화도경여괄응성관리，건립다방삼여화혜익분향궤제，가강농업문화유산적기출연구공작。
In 2012 the Ministry of Agriculture of China launched a project exploring Nationaly Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS). Through two rounds of applications and selection in 2012 and 2013, 39 traditional agricultural systems were selected and designated as China-NIAHS, including 19 forestry systems, 14 planting systems, four agricultural complex systems and two other systems. From a system origin perspective there were 24 agricultural systems, some dating back 1000 years. Twenty heritage systems are located in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities. Agricultural heritage systems face general challenges, such as ecosystem degradation and destruction, loss and abandonment of traditional agricultural technologies and landscapes, lagging agriculture scale and industrialization, and limited farmer beneift-sharing and incentives. Compared to other types of heritage, the conservation and development of agricultural heritage systems is more complex and dififcult. In order to achieve sustainable development of agricultural heritage systems, the government should play a leading role and improve ifnancial support functions. Local people should also explore market-oriented approaches and adaptive management methods on protection and development of NIAHS. Multi-participation and beneift-sharing mechanisms should be established and basic research needs to be strengthened.
