CAJ | 학술논문

水稻是我国三大粮食作物之一，其空间分布受自然条件和农业发展状况的影响，变化显著。研究水稻空间分布遥感提取是当前农业土地变化科学的热点和难点。通过对国内外研究的回顾，该文系统归纳了近年来水稻空间分布遥感提取的数据源、特征量及分类算法最新研究进展，并对其未来研究方向进行初步探讨。首先从遥感数据源方面，水稻面积监测主要采用多光谱光学影像，同时高光谱数据和雷达数据也正逐步推广应用。其次从遥感分类方法及其对应的特征量方面，包括监督和非监督分类、智能化分类算法(神经网络、支持向量机、决策树及随机森林算法)、面向对象分类、多时相植被指数法及综合提取算法等分类方法，其主要对应的特征量各有差异。最后，结合我国水稻空间分布遥感提取的实际状况，提出构建全国长时间序列水稻物候历和高时空分辨率时序NDVI数据集，大力发展基于多时相遥感分类方法和建立分层的面向对象分类方法，以及加强水稻种植北界、种植重心迁移等动态变化监测研究的建议，推动我国水稻遥感动态监测和农业土地变化科学的发展。
수도시아국삼대양식작물지일，기공간분포수자연조건화농업발전상황적영향，변화현저。연구수도공간분포요감제취시당전농업토지변화과학적열점화난점。통과대국내외연구적회고，해문계통귀납료근년래수도공간분포요감제취적수거원、특정량급분류산법최신연구진전，병대기미래연구방향진행초보탐토。수선종요감수거원방면，수도면적감측주요채용다광보광학영상，동시고광보수거화뢰체수거야정축보추엄응용。기차종요감분류방법급기대응적특정량방면，포괄감독화비감독분류、지능화분류산법(신경망락、지지향량궤、결책수급수궤삼림산법)、면향대상분류、다시상식피지수법급종합제취산법등분류방법，기주요대응적특정량각유차이。최후，결합아국수도공간분포요감제취적실제상황，제출구건전국장시간서렬수도물후력화고시공분변솔시서NDVI수거집，대력발전기우다시상요감분류방법화건립분층적면향대상분류방법，이급가강수도충식북계、충식중심천이등동태변화감측연구적건의，추동아국수도요감동태감측화농업토지변화과학적발전。
Rice is one of the most important staple crops in China, which serves for about 65% population in Chi-na. And there has been changed a lot for its spatial-temporal distribution due to the influence of natural conditions and development status of agriculture. Therefore, accurate assessment of spatial distribution information of paddy rice is important. The research on the spatial distribution of rice area is hotspot and difficulty in the current agricul-tural land change science. Through the review of domestic and international research in this field, this paper scien-tifically summarized the spatial distribution of rice from the three aspects of remote sensing images, features and classification methods used in monitoring the paddy rice, and discussed its future research direction. First of all, according to remote sensing data, multi-spectral optical images were the main data in monitoring the rice area, such as the Landsat TM/ETM+, OLI, HJ-1A/B, SPOT-5, QuickBird, MODIS and so on. And the hyper-spectral and radar images had been gradually popularizing at the same time, such as the Hyperion, ENVISAT, Radarsat-2 and so on. Secondly, according to the remote sensing classification methods and features, the main methods included supervised and unsupervised classification, intelligent classification ( back propagation neural network method, support vector machine method, decision tree and random forest method) , object-oriented clas-sification, time series vegetation index classification, comprehensive classification and so on, but features were di-verse for corresponding class methods. Spectral features were usually used in supervised and unsupervised classifi-cation methods, but textural feature and other non-remote sensing features were usually added into the intelligent classification and object -oriented classification method. And time series vegetation index features were used in time series vegetation index classification, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ( NDVI ) , En-hanced Vegetation Index ( EVI) and land Surface Water Index ( LSWI) . Finally, combined with the specific sit-uation of the spatial distribution of rice in China, it put forward a series of good advice, such as building long time series of rice phonological calendar and high spatial -temporal, vigorously developing the classification method based on multi-temporal remote sensing data and establishing hierarchical object-oriented classification method, and strengthening the northern limit, rice planting cultivation center dynamic changes monitoring. In a word, we expected that this research can contribute to the development of the dynamic monitoring of rice and the development of agricultural land change science in China.