CAJ | 학술논문

从客观分析角度出发，利用有序样本最优分割法对中国610个台站的气候平均（1961—2010年）候降水序列进行有序分割，给出中国不同区域的雨季定量划分。根据中国13个区域候降水量的气候平均值分布特征，并基于有序样本最优分割法的划分结果需同时满足分割段内波动小、段间差异大的要求，确定了各区域的合理分割数，通过制定3种雨季划分方案，对中国区域雨季进行了细致的定量划分。第1种方案将全年降水划分为雨季和旱季，结果表明，雨、旱两季差异明显的地区出现在华南西部沿海和新疆邻近区域；第2种方案将全年降水划分为雨季相对干期、雨季相对湿期和旱季3个降水阶段，这种特征出现的区域为华南大部分地区、江南地区、长江中下游地区、西南地区东部和南部，以及西北地区中东部；第3种方案将全年降水划分为春雨季、主雨季、秋雨季和旱季，出现这种特征的区域为长三角及淮河流域、黄淮和华北地区、东北地区、西北地区中部、内蒙古地区西部、青藏高原中东部及其以东地区。与已有的中国不同区域降水特征研究结果的比较表明，有序样本最优分割法不仅对中国雨季的划分客观有效，且其划分结果合理并具有明确的气象意义。
종객관분석각도출발，이용유서양본최우분할법대중국610개태참적기후평균（1961—2010년）후강수서렬진행유서분할，급출중국불동구역적우계정량화분。근거중국13개구역후강수량적기후평균치분포특정，병기우유서양본최우분할법적화분결과수동시만족분할단내파동소、단간차이대적요구，학정료각구역적합리분할수，통과제정3충우계화분방안，대중국구역우계진행료세치적정량화분。제1충방안장전년강수화분위우계화한계，결과표명，우、한량계차이명현적지구출현재화남서부연해화신강린근구역；제2충방안장전년강수화분위우계상대간기、우계상대습기화한계3개강수계단，저충특정출현적구역위화남대부분지구、강남지구、장강중하유지구、서남지구동부화남부，이급서북지구중동부；제3충방안장전년강수화분위춘우계、주우계、추우계화한계，출현저충특정적구역위장삼각급회하류역、황회화화북지구、동북지구、서북지구중부、내몽고지구서부、청장고원중동부급기이동지구。여이유적중국불동구역강수특정연구결과적비교표명，유서양본최우분할법불부대중국우계적화분객관유효，차기화분결과합리병구유명학적기상의의。
Based on the data objective analysis,in this study,the optimal segmentation method (OSM)is used for quantitative division of the climatic normal series of pentad rainfall in the 610 meteorological stations over China.According to the climatic characteristics of pentad rainfall over China,three rainyˉseason division schemes are made for the yearly pentad rainfall series which would be simultaneously satisfied with the minimum variances in the same phase and the maximum differences among phases:one includes rainy and dry seasons;another one contains the relatively wet and relatively dry seasons in a rainy season, and the dry season.The third one consists of the spring rainy season,main rainy season,autumn rainy season and dry season, and is applied for the regions with single or three peeks in their pentad rainfall series.It demonstrates the objectivity and effecˉ tiveness of OSM for rainy season division in China;and the rainfall phases divided by OSM are rational and of meteorological interpretations.